4种内吸性杀虫剂对番茄幼苗生长的影响  

Effects of Four Systemic Insecticides on Growth of Tomato Seedlings

作　　者：侯则颖 何云川 王新谱[1] 洪波[1] HOU Zeying;HE Yunchuan;WANG Xinpu;HONG Bo(School of Agriculture,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学农学院,银川750021

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2021年第4期599-609,共11页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金：宁夏“十三五”重点研发计划(2016BZ0903)。

摘　　要：为明确吡蚜酮、吡虫啉、螺虫乙酯和溴氰虫酰胺4种内吸性杀虫剂对番茄幼苗生长的影响及生理生化响应。以‘粉印三号’为供试植株,测定4种杀虫剂不同浓度处理8片真叶期植株15 d后植株株高、茎粗、主根长、根系活跃吸收面积、叶绿素、3种抗氧化保护酶[超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)]和游离脯氨酸9项指标。结果表明,4种杀虫剂对番茄幼苗生长及生理生化的影响具有剂量效应。番茄幼苗在吡蚜酮低剂量处理下SOD活性增加,在浓度为9.38、18.75和150 mg·L^(-1)时POD活性均下降,在浓度为37.5 mg·L^(-1)和75 mg·L^(-1)时POD活性均增高。当处理浓度为37.5 mg·L^(-1)时番茄的株高、茎粗及主根长都达到最大值。吡虫啉对番茄幼苗的生长及抗氧化酶活性无太大影响,随着浓度增加根系活力增加;番茄幼苗在浓度为35 mg·L^(-1)时,叶片的游离脯氨酸含量最高。番茄幼苗在螺虫乙酯浓度为24.9、224 mg·L^(-1)时,SOD活性均增加,其余浓度处理下SOD活性均降低;低浓度时增加POD活性;对CAT活性无影响;浓度为224 mg·L^(-1)时,番茄幼苗的游离脯氨酸和SOD活性最高。溴氰虫酰胺对番茄幼苗的SOD、CAT活性和游离脯氨酸无影响;浓度为47.5 mg·L^(-1)时,株高和茎粗均达到最大值。综上,37.5 mg·L^(-1)吡蚜酮、35 mg·L^(-1)吡虫啉、224 mg·L^(-1)螺虫乙酯和47.5 mg·L^(-1)溴氰虫酰胺对番茄幼苗的生长及生理生化的影响较大。The aim of this study is to clarify the effects of the four systemic insecticides including pymetrozine,imidacloprid,pirotetrama and cyantraniliprole on the growth of tomato seedlings and their physiological and biochemical responses.Taking‘Fenyin No.3’as experimental plant,the nine indexes including plant height,stem thickness,main root length,active absorption area of the root system,chlorophyll,and superoxide dismutase,peroxidase,catalase and free proline were measured in the sampled plants under four concentration of four pesticides after 15 days.The results showed that the four pesticides had dose effect on the growth and physiological and biochemical properties of tomato seedlings.It was found that the SOD activity of tomato seedlings increased at the low concentration of pymetrozine,and the POD activity of tomato seedlings increased at the concentration of 37.5 mg·L^(-1) and 75 mg·L^(-1),while the POD activity of tomato seedlings decreased at the concentrations of 9.38,18.75 and 150 mg·L^(-1).At the pymetrozine concentration of 37.5 mg·L^(-1),the plant height,stem thickness and main root length of tomato seedlings reached its peak values.Imidacloprid had a little effect on the growth and antioxidant enzyme activity of tomato seedlings.With the increase of imidacloprid concentration,root activity increased;at a imidacloprid concentration of 35 mg·L^(-1),the free proline content of the leaves of tomato seedlings was the highest.The SOD activity of tomato seedlings increased at the pirotetrama concentration of 24.9 and 224 mg·L^(-1),while it decreased at other concentrations;the POD activity increased at low concentrations;there was no effect on CAT activity;the free proline and superoxide dismutase activities of tomato seedlings were the highest at the concentration of 224 mg·L^(-1).Cyantraniliprole had a little effect on SOD activity,CAT activity and free proline of tomato seedlings;the plant height and stem thickness reached its peak value at the concentration of 47.5 mg·L^(-1).In conclusion,th

关 键 词：内吸性杀虫剂 番茄幼苗 抗氧化保护酶 叶绿素 游离脯氨酸 

分 类 号：S436.41[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]