太阳爆发抵近探测——“触碰计划”  

In Situ Detection of the Solar Eruption:Lay a Finger on the Sun

作　　者：林隽[1,2,3] 黄善杰 李燕[1] 种晓宇 张珅毅[5,6] 李明涛 张艺腾 周斌 欧阳高翔 项磊 董亮 季海生 田晖[9,10] 宋红强[11] 刘煜[1,2,3] 金振宇 冯晶[4] 张洪波[12] 张贤国 张伟杰[5,6] 黄旻 吕群波[7] 邓雷[13] 符慧山 程鑫 汪敏 LIN Jun;HUANG Shanjie;LI Yan;CHONG Xiaoyu;ZHANG Shenyi;LI Mingtao;ZHANG Yiteng;ZHOU Bin;OUYANG Gaoxiang;XIANG Lei;DONG Liang;JI Haisheng;TIAN Hui;SONG Hongqiang;LIU Yu;JIN Zhenyu;FENG Jing;ZHANG Hongbo;ZHANG Xianguo;ZHANG Weijie;HUANG Min;LU Qunbo;DENG Lei;FU Huishan;CHENG Xin;WANG Min(Yunnan Observatories,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Kunm ing 650216;Center for Astronomical Mega-Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100012;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049;Kunm ing University of Science and Technology,Kunm ing 650031;National Space Science Center,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190;Beijing Key Laboratory of Space Environment Exploration,Beijing 100190;Aerospace Inform ation Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100094;Purple Mountain Observatories,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210008;School of Earth and Space Sciences,Peking University,Beijing 100871;Key Laboratory of Solar Activity,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100012;Institute of Space Sciences,Shandong University(Weihai),Shandong 264209;National Astronomical Observatories,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 10QQ12;Innovation Academy for Microsatellites,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 201203;School of Space and Environment,Beihang University,Beijing 100191;School of A stronomy and Space Science,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210093)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院云南天文台,昆明650216 [2]中国科学院天文大科学研究中心,北京100012 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [4]昆明理工大学材料科学与工程学院,昆明650031 [5]中国科学院国家空间科学中心,北京100190 [6]天基空间环境探测北京市重点实验室,北京100190 [7]中国科学院空天信息创新研究院,北京100094 [8]中国科学院紫金山天文台,南京210008 [9]北京大学地球与空间科学学院,北京100871 [10]中国科学院太阳活动重点实验室,北京100012 [11]山东大学空间科学研究院,威海264209 [12]中国科学院国家天文台,北京100012 [13]中国科学院微小卫星创新研究院,上海201203 [14]北京航空航天大学空间与环境学院,北京100191 [15]南京大学天文与空间科学学院,南京210093

出　　处：《空间科学学报》2021年第2期183-210,共28页Chinese Journal of Space Science

基　　金：中国科学院先导专项(A类)项目(XDA17040507);中国科学院前沿科学重点研究项目(QYZDJ-SSWSLH012);国家自然科学基金重点项目(11933009);云南省“高层次人才培养支持计划-云岭学者”专项;云南省“高层次人才培养支持计划-林隽科学家工作室”专项共同资助。

摘　　要：本文旨在介绍一项具有重大科学意义和应用价值的深空探测任务构想.该任务将对驱动恒星大尺度爆发过程的中心结构(即磁重联电流片)进行抵近(原位)探测,主要目的是详细研究发生在离地球最近的恒星——太阳上的大尺度磁重联过程的精细物理特征,揭示太阳系中最为剧烈的能量释放过程(即太阳爆发或太阳风暴)的奥秘.该任务的科学目标:磁重联过程是发生在宇宙磁化等离子体中的能量转换和释放的核心过程,其一直是太阳物理、等离子体物理、空间科学研究领域内的一个极为重要的研究课题及研究方向.通过抵近观测可以将同样设备的分辨能力提高5~20倍,将提供在地球附近无法获得的太阳超清晰图像以及相应的物理信息,让人类在一个前所未有的平台上来研究、认识和了解太阳,从而解决太阳爆发核心驱动过程的精细物理性质与日冕加热等长期困扰太阳物理研究领域的难题.This paper is to introduce a proposed deep space mission,which aims to perform in situ detection of the central structure,namely the magnetic reconnection current sheet,which drives the large scale eruption on a star.The main focus of this mission is on the fine physical characteristics of the large scale magnetic reconnection taking place on the Sun,our nearest star,revealing the secret of the most violent energy release process,also known as the solar storm,in the solar system.The scientific goal of this mission,magnetic reconnection,is a kernel process of energy conversion occurring in the magnetized plasma in the universe,and has long been a fairly important research topic or even research area in solar physics,space science,plasma physics,and the related fields.In situ detection enhances the spatial resolution of the instruments used on the Earth 5~20 times,will provide us extra-clear images of the Sun and the related information.We are thus able to study,to learn,and to understand the Sun on an unprecedented platform,and further resolve the longstanding puzzle in the solar community regarding the fine physical property of the kernel process driving the solar eruption,as well as that of the corona heating.

关 键 词：太阳爆发 磁重联 实地探测 大推力火箭 防热隔热 深空通信 

分 类 号：P182[天文地球—天文学] P354