管材液力成形技术的研究进展  

Research progress on hydro-mechanical forming technology for tube

作　　者：徐勇[1] 夏亮亮 李明 张士宏[1] Xu Yong;Xia Liangliang;Li Ming;Zhang Shihong(Shi-changxu Innovation Center for Advanced Materials,Institute of Metal Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shenyang 110016,China;College of Materials Science and Engineering,University of Science and Technology of China,Shenyang 110016,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院金属研究所师昌绪先进材料创新中心,辽宁沈阳110016 [2]中国科学技术大学材料科学与工程学院,辽宁沈阳110016

出　　处：《锻压技术》2021年第4期29-35,共7页Forging & Stamping Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51875548);四川省科技计划项目(2019YFSY0050);沈阳市重大科技成果转化专项(20-203-5-30)。

摘　　要：针对航空航天、核能工程与新能源汽车等国家重大科技工程领域中具有大膨胀率及大截面变化比等复杂结构特征的管类零件,开展将液压成形与机械力加载相结合的管材液力成形技术的研究。根据零件几何结构特征和施加载荷方向的不同,将该技术进一步分为轴向加载、径向加载以及多向复合加载液力成形工艺。从工模具开发、有限元仿真、加载路径优化及在典型复杂管类零件上的应用等多个方面,对管材液力成形技术的研究进展进行阐述和介绍。结果表明,该技术通过结合外部的机械力作用,在降低成形时管材内所需液体压力及设备吨位的同时,还能够实现变形量高达近70%的复杂管类零件的整体成形,从而提高了产品的成形性能和表面质量,进一步拓展了液压成形技术在管材精密成形中的应用,为高性能金属复杂管类零件的开发提供了有效的技术支撑。For the tubes with complex structural features such as large expansion ratio and large cross-sectional change ratio in major national science and technology engineering fields such as aerospace,nuclear energy engineering and new energy automobiles,tube hydromechanical forming technology(THMF) was studied by combining hydroforming with mechanical force loading,and the THMF could be classified to axial loading,radial loading and multi-directional compound loading according to the differences of structural characteristics of parts and loading directions.Then,the research process of THMF was systematically explained and introduced in the aspect of development of tools and dies,FE simulation,optimization of loading paths and application in typical complex tubes,etc.The results show that by combining with the external mechanical force,THMF can reduce the internal liquid pressure in tube and equipment tonnage during forming,and realize the integral forming of complex tubes with a deformation amount of nearly 70%.Therefore,the formability and surface quality of parts are improved,and the application of hydroforming in precision forming of tube is further extended,which provides effective technical support for the development of high-performance metal complex tubes.

关 键 词：管材成形 液力成形 大膨胀率 大截面变化比 多向加载 

分 类 号：TG394[金属学及工艺—金属压力加工]