卫星姿态误差对GOCE重力梯度精度的影响评估  

Assess for the Influences of Satellite Attitude Errors on Gravity Gradient Accuracies in GOCE Satellite

作　　者：赵宇鹏 于锦海[1,2] 梁磊 徐焕 ZHAO Yupeng;YU Jinhai;LIANG Lei;XU Huan(Key Laboratory of Computational Geodynamics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;College of Earth and Planetary Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院计算动力学重点实验室,北京100049 [2]中国科学院地球与行星科学学院,北京100049 [3]中国科学院精密测量科学与技术创新研究院,湖北武汉430071

出　　处：《测绘科学技术学报》2021年第2期136-141,147,共7页Journal of Geomatics Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41774089)。

摘　　要：在地球重力场和海洋环流探测卫星GOCE(Gravity field and Ocean Circulation Explorer)的观测数据中,其主要的观测量重力梯度数据不仅与搭载的6个加速度计的测量值有关,而且还与卫星自身的自转角速度存在着二次函数关系。由于加速度计测量频段的限制,这样就导致了卫星姿态的低频误差混入到测量频段内的重力梯度数据之中。为了客观地分析姿态误差对重力梯度精度的影响程度,本文论述了如何利用以四元数形式给出的姿态数据来计算自转角速度,并针对GOCE的实际姿态误差情况通过数据模拟分析了姿态误差对重力梯度测量精度的影响,得到了下列结论:若卫星姿态的误差是5″,则对重力梯度精度的影响最大可达5.7 mEd;若重力梯度的精度指标是1 mEd,那么GOCE姿态的误差不能超过1″。The gravity gradient data of the main observed quantity of the Gravity field and Ocean Circulation Explorer(GOCE)is not only related to the measured values of the six accelerometers carried on it,but also related to a quadratic function of the rotational angular velocity of the satellite itself.Due to the limitation of the accelerometer measurement frequency band,the low frequency error of satellite attitude will be mixed into the gravity gradient data in the measurement frequency band.In order to analyze objectively the effect of low frequency error of attitude on the accuracy of gravity gradient,it is discussed how to use the attitude data in the form of quaternion to calculate the angular velocity of rotation.Aimed at the actual attitude error of GOCE,its influence on gravity gradient’s measurement accuracy is analyzed by data simulation in the paper.Experiment results show that if the error of satellite attitude is 5″,the maximum effect on the accuracy of gravity gradient is 5.7 mEd.If the accuracy of gravity gradient is 1 mEd,the error of GOCE attitude should not be more than 1″.

关 键 词：地球重力场和海洋环流探测卫星 重力梯度 卫星姿态 模拟计算 误差分析 

分 类 号：P223[天文地球—大地测量学与测量工程]