碳、氮含量及比值与库尔勒香梨产量的相关性  

Correlation between the contents of carbon and nitrogen and ratio of C/N and the yield of Kuerlexiangli pear

作　　者：何雪菲 马泽跃 玉素甫江·玉素音 黄战 张曦瑜 柴仲平[1,2] HE Xuefei;MA Zeyue;Yusufujiang·Yusuyin;HUANG Zhan;ZHANG Xiyu;CHAI Zhongping(College of Grassland and Environment Sciences,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,Xinjiang,China;Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Soil and Plant Ecological Processes,Urumqi 830052,Xinjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学草业与环境科学学院,乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆土壤与植物生态过程实验室,乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《果树学报》2021年第5期702-713,共12页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31960639);新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金面上项目(2017D01A38)。

摘　　要：[目的]探究不同施氮水平下库尔勒香梨树体的碳氮含量与产量间的相关性,为梨园优化施肥提供理论依据。[方法]以6年生的库尔勒香梨为试材,研究0、150、300和450 N kg·hm^(-2)(分别用N_(0)、N_(1)、N_(2)和N_(3)表示)4个施氮处理下树体的干物质量、碳氮含量及产量的相关性。[结果]随着施氮量的增加,新生器官的干物质量、除中心干和果实外其他器官的全碳和全氮含量均不断升高,各器官的C/N值则逐渐降低,产量呈现先升高后下降的趋势,在果实成熟期,N_(2)处理下的单株产量最高。各器官的全碳、全氮含量与产量间均为正相关,而C/N值与产量间则呈现负相关。在产量效应模型中,通过效应方程确定理论最佳施氮量为355 kg·hm^(-2);通过施氮量、新生器官C/N值与产量间的拟合方程发现中端叶和下端叶的C/N能很好地拟合树体新生器官C/N值与产量间的关系。[结论]根据试验结果和模型分析,以提高产量为目标,推荐6年生库尔勒香梨的最佳施氮范围为300~355 kg·hm^(-2),中端叶和下端叶的C/N值范围为17.8~20.8。[Objective]Nitrogen(N)is one of the most important mineral nutrients for plants,and adequacy of N is directly related to the photosynthesis,growth and development of plant,thereby affecting the yield and quality of crops.Therefore,nitrogen fertilizer management has become one of the important means to regulate crop growth.The application of nitrogen fertilizer affects the contents of carbon and nitrogen in plant organs,and thus carbon-to-nitrogen(C/N)ratio.It is vital to investigate the carbon and nitrogen nutrients in plant organs under different nitrogen application levels and their distribution in plants.The cultivation of Kuerlexiangli pear has been expanding rapidly.However,excessive application of nitrogen fertilizer in order to gain high yield not only causes harmful effect on productivity but also increases production costs.There have few reports about the correlation between the contents of N and C and C/N in Kuerlexiangli pear trees and the yield under different nitrogen treatments.In this paper,we investigated the effects of different nitrogen application rates on carbon and nitrogen contents,C/N value and yield of each organ of Kuerlexiangli pear trees,analyzed the correlations between nitrogen application rate and C/N ratio and yield of new organs,and proposed suitable nitrogen application range and C/N ratio range for new organs.[Methods]Six-year-old Kuerlexiangli pear trees were used as the materials.Whole plant excavation and organ dissection of Kuerlexiangli pear trees under different nitrogen application treatments of N_(0),N_(1),N_(2),and N_(3)(corresponding to 0,150,300 and 450 N kg·hm^(-2),respectively)were carried out at the new shoot growing stage,fruit swelling stage and fruit maturity stage.Total carbon and total nitrogen in each organ were determined by potassium dichromate-sulfuric acid oxidation method and Kjeldahl method,respectively.The yield of per plant measured by multiplying the total number of fruit per plant with average fruit weight,and then converted into yie1 d per hm2.[Res

关 键 词：库尔勒香梨 施氮量 全碳 全氮 C/N值 产量 

分 类 号：S661.2[农业科学—果树学]