不同海拔对帕拉英达杧果光合特性及果实品质的影响  

Effects of different altitudes on leaf photosynthetic characteristics and fruit quality in Myahintha mango

作　　者：张翠仙[1] 陈于福[1] 尼章光[1] 王永芬 柏天琦[1] 张惠云[1] 章勇 解德宏[1] ZHANG Cuixian;CHEN Yufu;NI Zhangguang;WANG Yongfen;BAI Tianqi;ZHANG Huiyun;ZHANG Yong;XIE Dehong(Institute of Tropical and Subtropical Cash Crops,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Baoshan 678000,Yunnan,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学院热带亚热带经济作物研究所,云南保山678000

出　　处：《果树学报》2021年第5期749-759,共11页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：云南省科技计划基础研究青年项目(2019FD079)。

摘　　要：[目的]探究海拔对帕拉英达杧果物候期、光合特性、果实外观性状及内在品质的影响,为帕拉英达杧果最适宜栽培海拔范围及生产提供依据。[方法]以杧果主产区潞江镇4个海拔(685、850、1034、1194 m)的帕拉英达杧果为研究对象,观察帕拉英达杧果物候期,测定帕拉英达杧果光合相关参数、果实外观性状及品质。[结果]海拔对帕拉英达杧果花期及果实收获期均有影响。净光合速率、叶肉瞬时羧化效率随着海拔的升高而降低,蒸腾速率随着海拔升高先升高后降低,果实的单果质量随着海拔的升高逐渐增加,总糖、维生素C含量随着海拔的升高而降低,总酸、可溶性固形物含量随着海拔升高先增加后降低。通径分析表明,大气温度、水分利用效率、CO2浓度和蒸腾速率等4个光合因子的82.2%,单果质量及果实纵径2个果实外观性状的79.9%,维生素C、总糖2个果实内在性状的97.4%受海拔变化的影响。[结论]海拔的变化综合影响了帕拉英达杧果的物候期、光合特性、果实外观性状及品质性状,海拔685 m果实总糖和维生素C含量最高,海拔1194 m果实成熟期最晚,生产上应根据环境及市场的需要,选择适宜的帕拉英达杧果种植区域。[Objective]The effects of altitude on phenological periods,leaf photosynthetic characteristics,fruit appearance and internal quality with Myahintha mango was studied to provide the basis for choosing the most suitable cultivation altitude range and guiding practical production of Myahintha mango.[Methods]In the study,four altitudes(685 m,850 m,1034 m,1194 m)in Lujiang town were selected to measure the phenological periods,leaf photosynthetic parameters,and external and internal fruit quality.12 photosynthetic parameters,10 fruit appearance traits and 7 internal quality traits were analyzed by difference,correlation,gradual regression and path analysis.[Results]1.The altitude had an effect on the flowering and fruit harvest periods of Myahintha mango.With the increase of altitude,the initial flowering period,full flowering period,final flowering period and fruit harvest period of each altitude section were delayed 10 days.2.The altitude was negatively correlated with water content,CO2 concentration,atmospheric temperature,leaf surface temperature,stomatal conductance,water use efficiency,stomatal limitation value and mesophyll instantaneous carboxylation rate.There was no significant correlation between altitude and atmospheric radiation intensity,intercellular CO2 concentration and transpiration.Net photosynthetic rate was positively correlated with CO2 concentration,air temperature,leaf surface temperature and stomatal conductance,but negatively correlated with transpiration rate.Net photosynthetic rate and instantaneous carboxylation rate in mesophyll decreased with the increase of altitude.Net photosynthetic rate and instantaneous carboxylation rate in mesophyll at 685 m and 850 m were significantly higher than those at other altitudes(p<0.05).The concentration of intercellular CO2 increased first and then decreased with altitude.The concentration of intercellular CO2 at altitude of1194 m was significantly higher than that of other altitudes.The transpiration rate increased first and then decreased with the in

关 键 词：帕拉英达杧果 海拔 物候期 光合特性 果实品质 

分 类 号：S667.7[农业科学—果树学]