树上干杏推广栽培及区域适应性分析  

Study on Cultivation Generalization and Regional Adaptation of ‘Shushanggan’ Apricot

作　　者：丛桂芝 石游 陈淑英 刘君 秦德明 陶俊 王瑾 吴松梅 CONG Gui-zhi;SHI You;CHEN Shu-ying;LIU Jun;QIN De-ming;TAO Jun;WANG Jin;WU Song-mei(Yili Kazakh Autonomous Forestry Research Institute,Yili 835000,China)

机构地区：[1]伊犁哈萨克自治州林业科学研究院,新疆伊犁835000

出　　处：《黑龙江农业科学》2021年第5期98-101,共4页Heilongjiang Agricultural Sciences

摘　　要：为推动特色林果树上干杏产业的科学健康发展,本文对伊犁河谷及其他推广树上干杏栽培区域的气候因素、推广栽培面积、物候期、果实性状等方面进行调查研究。结果表明:伊犁河谷为树上干杏的主栽区域,种植面积占总面积的66%,其次为新疆阿克苏地区,占总面积的23%。树上干杏在各栽培地区均表现出较强的适应性,伊犁河谷地区树上干杏一般在6月底至7月中旬成熟,阿克苏地区与伊犁河谷相近,吐鲁番地区成熟期较伊犁河谷提早25 d左右,陕西咸阳市树上干杏成熟期早于原产地15 d左右,青海省海东地区成熟期较晚,8月中旬成熟。以果实平均单果重和平均糖度大小为主要经济性状指标,不同栽培区域树上干杏综合表现为伊犁河谷产区>阿克苏产区>吐鲁番产区。从地理位置上分析,吐鲁番盆地光照充足、热量丰富,适宜发展树上干杏,且能提早上市。陕西省咸阳市地理位置优越,在气候较冷凉的山地区域栽植相对较好。青海省海东市树上干杏成熟较晚,能够弥补晚期货源的供应。In order to promote the scientific and healthy development of characteristic forest fruit and ‘Shushanggan’ apricot industry,in this paper,the climate factors,cultivation area,phenological period and fruit characters of ‘Shushanggan’ apricot in Yili River Valley and other cultivation areas were investigated.The results showed that Yili Valley was the main planting area of ‘Shushanggan’ apricot,accounting for 66% of the total area.The second was Aksu area,accounting for 23% of the total area.The ‘Shushanggan’ apricot showed strong adaptability in various cultivated areas.The ‘Shushanggan’ apricot in Yili River Valley generally matures from the end of June to the middle of July.Aksu area was close to Yili Valley.The maturity of Turpan area was about 25 days earlier than that of Yili Valley.The ripening period of ‘Shushanggan’ apricot in Xianyang city of Shaanxi Province was about 15 days earlier than that in the original place.In Haidong area of Qinghai Province,the mature period was relatively late,and it matures in the middle of August.Taking average single fruit weight and average sugar content as the main economic characters,the comprehensive performance of ‘Shushanggan’ apricot in different cultivation areas was Yili River Valley>Aksu >Turpan.From the analysis of geographical location,Turpan Basin has sufficient light and abundant heat,which is suitable for the development of ‘Shushanggan’ apricot,and can be listed early.Xianyang city of Shaanxi Province has a superior geographical location,and it is relatively good to plant in the mountainous area with cool climate.In Haidong city of Qinghai Province,‘Shushanggan’ apricot matures late,which can make up for the supply of late goods.

关 键 词：树上干杏 推广栽培 区域适应性 

分 类 号：S662.2[农业科学—果树学]