内循环生物法处理炼油厂碱渣工程实例  

Engineering Example of Treating Refinery Alkali Residue by Internal Circulation Biological Method

作　　者：黄代存 Huang Daicun(PetroChina Yunnan Petrochemical Co.,I,td.,Kunming Yunnan 650399)

机构地区：[1]中石油云南石化有限公司,云南昆明650399

出　　处：《中外能源》2021年第4期80-83,共4页Sino-Global Energy

摘　　要：碱渣是被列入国家危险废物名录的炼油厂主要污染物,碱渣若未经妥善处理,将对炼油企业大气、水环境造成严重污染。生物法处理碱渣具有工艺流程简单、一次性投资少、运行费用低、污染物处理效果好、操作管理方便、系统运行稳定等特点。以某石化公司碱渣处理系统为工程实例,介绍了内循环生物碱渣处理工艺流程、设计运行情况及运行问题,内循环生物法碱渣技术通过采用新型隔离曝气技术和高比表面特性的生物填料构造一个好氧生物的氧化床,在曝气上升力的驱动下,生物填料床内部构成一个大流量内循环水流,处于循环水流中的生物填料床,可利用污水自身的特性迅速培育出对该污水具备良好适应性的优势微生物相,使废碱液中的污染物得到降解。运行表明,内循环生物法处理炼油厂碱渣,COD、硫化物、酚等的去除率可达99%以上。该装置已连续稳定运行三年,出水水质良好,现场无异味,可为同类项目的应用实施提供借鉴和参考。Alkali residue is one of the main pollutants in refineries as listed in the Directory of National Hazardous Wastes.If not properly treated,alkali residue will cause serious pollution to the air and water environment of refineries.Biological treatment of alkali residue has the characteristics of simple process flow,low one-time investment,low operating cost,good pollutant treatment effect,convenient operation and management,and stable system operation.Taking the alkali residue treatment system of a petrochemical company as an example,this paper introduces the process flow,design,operation and operational problems of internal circulation biological alkali residue treatment process.The internal circulation biological alkali residue treatment technology uses new isolation aeration technology and biological packing with high specific surface characteristics to construct an aerobic biological oxidation bed.Driven by the aeration upward force,an internal circulation water flow with high flow rate is formed inside the biological packed bed.The biological packed bed in the circulating water flow can use the characteristics of sewage itself to rapidly cultivate the dominant micro-organisms with good adaptability to the sewage,so that the pollutants in the waste alkali liquor can be degraded.The operation results show that the removal rate of COD,sulfide and phenol can reach more than 99%in the treatment of refinery alkali residue by internal circulation biological method.The unit has been operated continuously and stably for three years with good effluent quality and no peculiar smell on site,which can provide reference for the application and implementation of similar projects.

关 键 词：炼油厂碱渣 生物处理技术 内循环工艺 

分 类 号：X742[环境科学与工程—环境工程]