基于不确定性的天津市北塘排污河表层沉积物微塑料污染评价  

Evaluation of microplastics pollution in surface sediments of Beitang Drainage River in Tianjin City based on uncertainty

作　　者：赵艳民[1,2] 马迎群[1,2] 温泉[1,2] 时瑶[1,2] 迟明慧 杨晨晨[1,2] 秦延文[1,2] ZHAO Yanmin;MA Yingqun;WEN Quan;SHI Yao;CHI Minghui;YANG Chenchen;QIN Yanwen(State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences;Institute of Water Ecology and Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences)

机构地区：[1]国家环境保护河口与海岸带环境重点实验室,中国环境科学研究院 [2]中国环境科学研究院水生态环境研究所

出　　处：《环境工程技术学报》2021年第3期554-561,共8页Journal of Environmental Engineering Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFA0600904);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务专项(2016YSKY-008)。

摘　　要：微塑料(粒径<5 mm)作为一种新型污染物近年来日益被关注。调查了天津市北部重要排污河——北塘排污河6个采样点沉积物中微塑料的丰度和分布,并通过构建基于三角模糊数的微塑料污染模糊评价模型对微塑料污染状况进行评价。结果表明:北塘排污河沉积物中微塑料丰度为(183.50±11.33)~(238.00±12.93)个/kg(以沉积物干质量计);沉积物中微塑料主要包括碎片类、纤维类和薄膜类3种形态,其中碎片类占比最大(44.92%~56.40%),纤维类占比次之(35.35%~44.52%),薄膜类占比最小;沉积物中微塑料粒径以<1 mm和1~2 mm为主,二者占比之和在各采样点均超过80%,而粒径>2 mm的微塑料占比较小;北塘排污河沉积物中微塑料总体处于中度和重度污染水平,与确定性评价结果比较,模糊评价结果可给出污染指数的可能值区间以及隶属可信度水平,能有效降低由于沉积物空间异质性、分析方法、分析人员不同导致的不确定性,更客观、全面表征评价沉积物微塑料的污染状态及空间分布差异。As a new type of pollutant,microplastics(<5 mm in particle size)has attracted more and more attention in recent years.The abundance and distribution of microplastics in the sediments of six sampling sites along Beitang Drainage River,an important drainage river in northern Tianjin,were examined.The pollution status of microplastics was evaluated by constructing a fuzzy evaluation model of microplastics pollution based on triangular fuzzy numbers.The results showed that the abundance of the microplastics in the sediments of Beitang Drainage River ranged from(183.50±11.33)to(238.00±12.93)ind/kg(based on the dry weight of sediment).Three types of microplastics,namely fragment,fiber and film were mainly separated from the sediment.Fragment accounted for the largest proportion(44.92%-56.40%),fiber accounted for the second(35.35%-44.52%),and film accounted for the smallest.The studies of the particle size of microplastics also indicated that the microplastics with particle size less than 1 mm and 1-2 mm accounted for over 80%of the total microparticles in each sampling site,while the microplastics with particle size more than 2 mm accounted for a small proportion.The microplastics in the sediments of Beitang Drainage River was in moderate and severe pollution level.Compared with the results of the deterministic evaluation results,the fuzzy assessment result could give the possible value range of pollution index and the subordinate credibility level,which could effectively reduce the uncertainty caused by different spatial heterogeneity of sediment,analysis methods and analysts,and better characterize the pollution status and the spatial distribution differences of the microplastics in the sediment of the studied region,which was more objective and comprehensive.

关 键 词：北塘排污河 沉积物 微塑料 分布 污染评价 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程]