花穗整形及植物生长调节剂处理对‘阳光玫瑰’葡萄果实品质的影响  

Effects of floral cluster pruning and plant growth regulators on berry quality of grape cultivar ’Shine Muscat’

作　　者：郭俊强 王琦俐 王祎玮 李智[1] 王西平[1] GUO Junqiang;WANG Qili;WANG Yiwei;LI Zhi;WANG Xiping(College of Horticulture,Northwest A&F University,State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas,Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China,Ministry of Agriculture,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学园艺学院,旱区作物逆境生物学国家重点实验室,农业农村部西北园艺作物生物学与种质创新重点开放实验室,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《中国果树》2021年第4期27-34,共8页China Fruits

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFD1001401);陕西省农业协同创新与推广联盟重大科技项目(LMZD201902)。

摘　　要：以‘阳光玫瑰’葡萄为试验材料,花穗分别留长6、8、10 cm,用"大优果+小优果"和7种赤霉素(GA3)、氯吡脲(CPPU)不同浓度的组合分别于花前2~3 d(5月19日)和花后10~15 d(5月31日)浸蘸花穗,于果实成熟期测定果实品质各项指标,以筛选出改善‘阳光玫瑰’葡萄果实品质的最佳花穗整形长度和植物生长调节剂组合。结果表明:当花穗留长为8 cm时的果实外观品质最佳;植物生长调节剂处理的单粒重为12.23~16.61 g、果粒大小为788.32~992.34 mm^(2)、可溶性固形物含量为14.27%~18.43%,均明显优于对照;与对照相比,植物生长调节剂处理的果皮硬度也有所增加。通过相关性分析和主成分分析综合比较得出,花前2~3 d,花穗留长8 cm同时浸蘸25 mg/L GA3,花后10~15 d浸蘸25 mg/L GA3+2 mg/L CPPU,对改善‘阳光玫瑰’葡萄果实品质的效果最佳。Using ’Shine Muscat’ grapes as the research material, the flower spikes were kept 6, 8 and 10 cm long. At 2~3 days before blooming(May 19) and 10~15 days after flowering(May 31) respectively, the flower spikes dipped into the combination of "Dayouguo+Xiaoyouguo" and 7 kinds of gibberellin acid(GA3) and forchlorfenuron(CPPU) at different concentrations. The various quality indexes of grape were measured at the ripening stage. The purpose of this study is to screen out the best combination of floral cluster thinning and plant growth regulators(PGRs) to improve the berry quality of ’Shine Muscat’ grapes. The results show the appearance quality is the best, when the grape floral cluster with a length of 8 cm;under the treatment of PGRs, the berry weight is 12.23~16.61 g, the berry size is 788.32~992.34 mm^(2), the soluble solids contents is 14.27%~18.43%, which are all greater than CK;And the hardness of the peel is relatively increased, compared with CK. Through correlation analysis and principal component analysis comprehensive comparison, the best treatment effect is primary treatment 2~3 days before blooming and involved the floral cluster with a length of 8 cm dipped the application 25 mg/L GA3, secondary treatment were applied 10~15 days after flowering, that is, dipped the original flower spikes with 25 mg/L GA3 and 2 mg/L CPPU, which can significantly improve the appearance and inner quality of ’Shine Muscat’ grape.

关 键 词：葡萄 ‘阳光玫瑰’ 花穗整形 植物生长调节剂 果实品质 主成分分析 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学]