束状孔当量球形药包爆破漏斗的模型研究  

Study on Blasting Crater Model of the Equivalent Spherical Charge of Bunch-holes

作　　者：陈何 万串串 王湖鑫 CHEN He;WAN Chuanchuan;WANG Huxin(BGRIMM Technology Group Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 102628,China;National Center for International Joint Research on Green Metal Mining,Beijing 102628,China)

机构地区：[1]矿冶科技集团有限公司,北京102628 [2]国家金属矿绿色开采国际联合研究中心,北京102628

出　　处：《金属矿山》2021年第5期36-42,共7页Metal Mine

基　　金：“十三五”国家重点研发计划项目(编号:2016YFC0600802)。

摘　　要：束状孔当量球形药包爆破是一种大量落矿的爆破技术,通过综合利用漏斗爆破最优埋深条件及增强爆破中远区破岩作用的束状孔效应,可极大提高爆破作业效率,该项技术在多个矿山开展了大规模应用试验,取得了良好的技术经济效果。开展了不同埋深条件下束状孔当量球形药包爆破漏斗试验,通过三维激光扫描仪精确扫描爆后漏斗体积,建立了束状孔药包埋深与爆破漏斗体积的关系,确定了束状孔爆破药包最佳埋深。通过分析药包埋深比与单位炸药爆破体积的关系特征,采用高斯函数进行了爆破漏斗曲线拟合,得到了爆破漏斗的高斯函数关系式。分析了单位炸药爆炸释放能量、岩石抗拉强度、药包埋深、炸药能量利用率等指标对束状孔当量球形药包爆破作用的影响,为束状孔爆破效果评价提供了定量化表征方法。根据束状孔当量球形药包爆破漏斗试验及漏斗爆破高斯函数模型,开展了4个炮孔及5个炮孔组成束状孔的爆破参数计算,确定了束状孔爆破时药包最佳埋深,为束状孔爆破设计提供了技术参考。comprehensively combine the optimal charge depth of blasting crater with the bunch-holes blasting effect which can enhance blasting energy in the intermediate and far field from blasting point,so that the blasting efficiency can be increased sharply.It is applied in several mines and has achieved good technical and economic effects.In this paper,blasting crater tests of bunchholes equivalent spherical charge with different charge depths were done and crater volumes were scanned precisely by 3D laser scanner.Then,the relationship between charge embedding depth and crater volume was established,based on which the best embedding depth was obtained.Analyzing the relationship between the embedding depth ratio and crater volume per unit explosive,the blasting crater curve was fitted by Gauss function,so the Gauss formula of blasting crater was gained.The influences of blasting releasing energy per unit explosive,rock tensile strength,charge depth and energy utilization ratio of explosive on bunch-holes equivalent spherical charge blasting were analyzed,which can offer a quantitative characterization method for blasting effect evaluation of bunch-holes.The bunch-holes blasting parameters composed by 4 and 5 holes were calculated respectively,and the optimal charge embedding depth of bunch-holes blasting was determined based on the fitted Gauss curve model and the results of blasting crater tests.The results of this paper can provide a technical reference for design of bunchholes blasting.

关 键 词：束状孔 当量球形药包 爆破漏斗 高斯函数拟合模型 

分 类 号：TD853[矿业工程—金属矿开采]