浸种温度和光照时间对披碱草种子萌发的影响  

Effects of Seed-soaking Temperature and Illumination Time on Seed Germination of Elymus dahuricus

作　　者：罗阳 蔺伟虎 田沛[1] LUO Yang;LIN Weihu;TIAN Pei(State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems,Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730020,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州大学草地农业生态系统国家重点实验室/兰州大学农业农村部草牧业创新重点实验室兰州大学草地农业科技学院,兰州730020

出　　处：《种子》2021年第4期11-16,21,共7页Seed

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31971768)。

摘　　要：以披碱草(Elymus dahuricus Turcz.)种子为材料,以不同浸种温度(5℃、15℃、25℃、35℃、45℃、55℃、65℃)和不同光照天数(0 d、1 d、2 d、3 d、4 d、5 d)处理种子进行萌发实验,检测浸种温度和光照天数对披碱草种子的发芽率、发芽势和发芽指数的影响,以期探究披碱草种子萌发的最佳方法。结果表明,不同温度浸种处理对披碱草种子萌发有显著影响(p<0.05)。披碱草种子的发芽率、发芽势和发芽指数随浸种温度的升高,均呈先降低后升高再降低的趋势;在45℃处理条件下,披碱草的发芽率、发芽势和发芽指数均达到最大值,分别为97.34%、62%和33.71,其中发芽率和发芽指数均显著高于其他处理(p<0.05),发芽势与15℃、25℃、35℃、55℃以及65℃处理差异显著(p<0.05);而65℃处理下的种子发芽率和发芽势以及15℃的发芽指数最低,分别为65.33%,44.67%和21.93,均显著低于45℃和5℃处理(p<0.05)。研究表明,45℃为披碱草种子萌发的最适前处理温度。光照处理对披碱草种子萌发也有显著影响(p<0.05)。随着种子光照天数的增加,披碱草种子的发芽率、发芽势和发芽指数均先增大后减小;光照处理3 d后的种子发芽率、发芽势和发芽指数分别为98%、60.5%和37.37,均达到最高值,其中发芽率和发芽指数均与其他处理有显著性差异(p<0.05),发芽势仅与光照4 d处理无显著性差异(p>0.05),与其他处理间差异显著(p<0.05);5 d光照处理后的种子发芽率及0 d光照处理后的种子发芽势和发芽指数最低,光照5 d后种子发芽率显著低于其他处理(p<0.05),光照0 d后的种子发芽势与光照2 d、3 d以及4 d处理差异显著(p<0.05),0 d光照处理的种子发芽指数仅显著低于光照3 d处理(p<0.05)。说明光照处理3 d的种子萌发效果最佳。综上可知,不同温度浸种及光照处理对披碱草种子发芽均有影响,光照3 d处理和45℃处理对披碱草种子的萌发效果最好。In this study,the seeds of Elymus dahuricus Turcz.were used as materials to conduct the seed germination experiment after treatment with different seed-soaking temperatures(e.g.5℃,15℃,25℃,35℃,45℃,55℃and 65℃)and different illumination times(e.g.0 d,1 d,2 d,3 d,4 d and 5 d).Also,the effects of seed-soaking temperatures and illumination times on germination rate,germination potential and germination index of E.dahuricus seeds were tested to explore the best method to improve the seed germination of E.dahuricus.The results showed that seed-soaking at different temperatures had significant effects on the germination of E.dahuricus seeds(p<0.05),and the germination rate,germination potential and germination index of E.dahuricus seeds all showed a trend of decreasing first,then increasing and then decreasing with the increase of seed-soaking temperature.The germination rate,germination potential and germination index of E.dahuricus seeds reached the maximum values under 45℃seed-soaking treatment,which were 97.34%,62%and 33.71,respectively.Also,the germination rate and germination index were significantly higher than those of other treatments(p<0.05),and there was significant difference in germination potential between 15℃,25℃,35℃,55℃and 65℃(p<0.05).The germination rate and germination potential of E.dahuricus seeds under 65℃and germination index under 15℃were the lowest,which were 65.33%,44.67%and 21.93,respectively,which were significantly lower than those under 45℃and 5℃(p<0.05).The results showed that 45℃was the optimal pretreatment temperature for seed germination of E.dahuricus,and light treatment also had significant effects on seed germination of E.dahuricus(p<0.05).In addition,the germination rate,germination potential and germination index of E.dahuricus seeds increased first and then decreased with the increase of seed illumination times.The germination rate,germination potential and germination index of E.dahuricus seeds after 3 d of light treatment were 98%,60.5%and 37.37,

关 键 词：披碱草 种子萌发 浸种温度 光照时间 

分 类 号：S543.9[农业科学—作物学]