颅脑爆震伤的评估、病理机制及动物模型建立  

Assessment,neuropathological mechanism and animal model of blast-related traumatic brain injury

作　　者：王景 史英武 焦阳 曲宏文 钞敏 王学廉 屈延 高国栋 王樑 Wang Jing;Shi Yingwu;Jiao Yang;Qu Hongwen;Chao Min;Wang Xuelian;Qu Yan;Gao Guodong;Wang Liang(Department of Neurosurgery,Tangdu Hospital,Air Force Medical University,Xi’an 710038,China)

机构地区：[1]空军军医大学唐都医院神经外科,西安710038

出　　处：《中华神经创伤外科电子杂志》2021年第2期112-114,共3页Chinese Journal Of Neurotraumatic Surgery：Electronic Edition

基　　金：中央军委国防科技项目基金(3607064)。

摘　　要：颅脑爆震伤(bTBI)是由于爆炸物的爆震冲击波所导致的脑组织损伤,是战时导致军队人员死亡和致残的最主要原因。bTBI主要通过致伤原因、物理爆炸力伤害以及GCS评分等方法进行伤情分级。目前主要通过自由场爆炸、爆炸管及激波管等方法模拟爆震伤的致伤机制,建立动物模型。通过动物模型模拟不同程度和类型的损伤,能够明确包括分子及细胞机制在内的神经病理学变化。本综述旨在归纳目前针对bTBI动物模型的建立,从而明确临床研究中治疗策略的问题和挑战,为提高战时bTBI救治水平提供依据。Blast-related traumatic brain injury(bTBI)results from the detonation of explosive devices that underlie the brain damage resulting from blast overpressure exposure,and bTBI is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity in the battlefield worldwide.Injury factors,physiologic blast effects and GCS score are used to classify the injury of bTBI.The animal models can be established to simulate all kinds of severities and types of injuries,include the open-field blasts,blast tubes and shock tubes.Then we can better understand the molecular and cellular mechanisms of such neuropathology progression in bTBI.The purpose of this review article is to highlight the establishment and assessment of animal models of bTBI,to identify the problems and challenges of treatment strategies in clinical research,and to improve the treatment level of bTBI at wartime.

关 键 词：颅脑爆震伤 致伤机制 神经病理 动物模型 

分 类 号：R651.15[医药卫生—外科学] R-332[医药卫生—临床医学]