脱涡致振式压电风力发电机性能分析与试验  

Performance Analysis and Test of Vortex Induced Vibration Piezoelectric Wind Harvester

作　　者：阚君武[1,2] 吕鹏 王进[1] 张忠华[1,2] 范春涛[1] 王淑云 KAN Junwu;Lü Peng;WANG Jin;ZHANG Zhonghua;FAN Chuntao;WANG Shuyun(Institute of Precision Machinery,Zhejiang Normal University,Jinhua 321004,China;Key Laboratory of Urban Rail Transit Intelligent Operation and Maintenance Technology and Equipment of Zhejiang Province,Jinhua 321004,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江师范大学精密机械与智能结构研究所,金华321004 [2]浙江省城市轨道交通智能运维技术与装备重点实验室,金华321004

出　　处：《农业机械学报》2021年第4期411-417,共7页Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(61574128、51877199、52077201);浙江省重点研发计划项目(2021C01181);浙江省自然科学基金项目(LY20F010006);国家大学生创新创业计划项目(201910345047)。

摘　　要：为满足农业遥感监测系统的供电需求,减少化学电池对水和土壤的污染,提出一种脱涡致振式压电风力发电机,并从理论和试验两方面进行了研究。建立了脱涡致振式压电风力发电机的理论模型,通过仿真分析研究迎风角、压电振子长度及风速对压电振子变形量的影响,并对发电机样机进行了测试试验。结果表明,不同风速下均存在两个最佳迎风角,使发电机输出电压较大,压电振子长度为60、78 mm,风速为7.6、11.6、12,.4 m/s时的两个最佳迎风角分别为(35°,135°)、(45°,12,5°)、(50°,12,0°)和(35°,12,0°)、(40°,115°)、(45°,110°)。当迎风角为12,0°时,存在最佳风速,使发电机输出电压达到最大;随着压电振子长度的增加,最佳风速由12,.4 m/s降低到8.4 m/s,其对应的最大输出电压由16.6 V增加为16.8 V。当外接电阻为150 kΩ、迎风角为30°时,试验测得最大输出功率为1 mW。研究表明,根据实际风速确定合理的迎风角及压电振子长度可提高发电机的发电能力。Aiming to meet the energy demand of agriculture micro-type sensor and real-time condition monitoring system,and reduce the pollution of chemical batteries to water and soil,a vortex induced vibration piezoelectric wind harvester was proposed and researched in theory and experiment. The theoretical model of the vortex induced vibration piezoelectric wind harvester was established and the simulation analysis was carried out. The influence of the angle of attack,length of piezoelectric cantilever and wind speed on deformation of piezoelectric cantilever was studied. A prototype of the energy harvester was made and the output voltage of the energy harvester was investigated. The results showed that there were two angles of attack that made the output voltage of the energy harvester larger at each wind speed.The two optimal angles of attack for piezoelectric cantilever lengths of 60 mm and 78 mm and wind speeds of 7. 6 m/s,11. 6 m/s,and 12. 4 m/s were( 35°,135°),( 45°,125°) and( 50°,120°) and( 35°,120°),( 40°,115°) and( 45°,110°),respectively. When the angle of attack was 120°,there was an optimal wind speed to maximize the output voltage of the energy harvester. With the increase of length of piezoelectric cantilever,the optimal wind speed was decreased from 12. 4 m/s to 8. 4 m/s,and the corresponding maximum output voltage of the energy harvester was increased from 16. 6 V to 16. 8 V.When the external resistance was 150 kΩ and the wind angle was 30°,the measured maximum output power of the energy harvester was 1 m W. Therefore,according to the range of the actual wind speed to determine the reasonable angle of attack and the length of piezoelectric harvester can be helpful for a wind energy harvester to generate more energy.

关 键 词：脱涡致振 压电 风力发电机 农业状态监测系统 迎风角 

分 类 号：TN384[电子电信—物理电子学] TM614[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]