高速铁路轮轨型面匹配理论分析与试验研究  

Numerical Simulation and Experimental Analysis of Wheel Rail Profile Matching for High Speed Railway

作　　者：吕岩治 张军 牛岩 王稳 田志鹏 LYU Yanzhi;ZHANG Jun;NIU Yan;WANG Wen;TIAN Zhipeng(School of Mechanical Electrical and Vehicle Engineering,Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Beijing 100044,China)

机构地区：[1]北京建筑大学机电与车辆工程学院,北京100044

出　　处：《铁道建筑》2021年第4期111-115,共5页Railway Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51775031)。

摘　　要：根据实测轮轨型面数据建立高速铁路轮轨三维弹塑性接触有限元模型,计算分析不同轮轨型面匹配的接触斑状态、轮轨接触应力以及轮对横移量、荷载工况对轮轨接触应力的影响。采用现场切割的标准60 kg/m钢轨、60N轨及磨耗车轮试件,在轮轨接触试验台上试验研究不同轮轨型面的匹配性能。结果表明:不同轮对横移量下,与标准60 kg/m钢轨相比,60N轨与车轮匹配的接触斑面积更大,与标准车轮对中匹配的接触斑更接近椭圆形,且最大Mises应力更小,最大应力点更接近轨面;施加不同的牵引力,磨耗车轮与钢轨匹配的最大Mises应力明显大于标准车轮,与标准60 kg/m钢轨匹配时应力增幅远大于60N轨;试验与仿真计算结果基本吻合;60N轨与车轮总体匹配效果良好。Based on the measured wheel rail profile data,a three-dimensional elastic-plastic contact finite element model of high speed railway wheel rail was established.The effects of contact spot state of different wheel rail profile matching,wheel rail contact stress,wheelset lateral displacement and load condition on wheel rail contact stress were calculated and analyzed.The matching performance of different wheel rail profiles was studied on the wheel rail contact test bed by using the standard 60 kg/m rail,60N rail and worn wheel specimens cut on site.The results show that compared with the standard 60 kg/m rail,the contact spot area of 60N rail and wheel matching is larger under different wheelset lateral displacement.The contact spot matched with the standard wheel pair is closer to ellipse,the maximum Mises stress is smaller,and the maximum stress point is closer to the rail surface.Under different traction,the maximum Mises stress of the worn wheel matched with the rail is significantly greater than that of the standard wheel,and the stress increment of the worn wheel matched with the standard 60 kg/m rail is much greater than that of the 60N rail.Test and simulation calculation results are basically consistent.The overall matching effect of 60N rail and wheel is good.

关 键 词：高速铁路 轮轨型面匹配 数值模拟 试验分析 接触斑 最大Mises应力 轮对横移量 

分 类 号：U211.5[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程] U270.12[机械工程—车辆工程]