深井水位对地震波、固体潮和气压的水力响应——以范县井为例  

Hydraulic response of water level to seismic wave, earth tide and barometric pressure in deep well:A case study of the Fanxian well in Henan Province

作　　者：孙小龙 向阳[3] 李源 Sun Xiaolong;Xiang Yang;Li Yuan(National Instiute of Natural Hazards,Ministry of Emergency Management of China,Bejing,100085,China;Key Laboratory of Crustal Dynamics,China Earthquake Administration,Bejing 100085,China;China University of Mining and Technology,Beijing,100083,China;Henan Earthquake Agency,Zhengzhou 450016,China)

机构地区：[1]应急管理部国家自然灾害防治研究院,北京100085 [2]中国地震局地壳动力学重点实验室,北京100085 [3]中国矿业大学(北京),北京100083 [4]河南省地震局,郑州450018

出　　处：《地震学报》2020年第6期719-731,共13页Acta Seismologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41972253);应急管理部国家自然灾害防治研究院基本科研业务费专项(DZJ2019-06)共同资助。

摘　　要：以河南范县井为例,利用不同的水力响应模型分析了井水位对地震波、固体潮和气压的响应特征,并基于相关水力响应模型反演估算了含水层的水力参数。结果显示:在高频加载作用过程中,井-含水层系统中的水流模式以水平向为主,而在低频加载作用过程中,则为水平向和垂直向共存的混合模式;利用周期为10—10^(2)s的高频段的地震波响应模型估算的含水层导水系数值较大,为7.20×10^(-3)m^(2)/s,利用周期为3.75×10^(2)s的低频段的固体潮响应模型估算的含水层导水系数值较小,为2.02×10^(-6)m^(2)/s,而利用周期为10^(2)—10^(4)s的中等频率段的气压响应模型得到的估算值介于二者之间,为3.44×10^(-5)m^(2)/s。由此分析认为,在周期性加载作用过程中,井-含水层系统内的水流模式与加载频率有关,基于不同水力响应模型反演估算的含水层水力参数存在尺度效应。本研究取得的认识,既可为井水位动态响应的机理解释提供理论基础,也可为目标含水层水力参数的原位测量提供技术支撑。The dynamic response of water level in a deep well to periodic loading provides natural experimental data for studying the response mechanism of deep well-aquifer system.Taking the Fanxian well in Henan Province,China,as an example,the hydraulic response characteristics of well water level induced by seismic wave,solid tide and barometric pressure was analyzed by using different hydraulic response models. The hydraulic parameters of the Fanxian well-aquifer were estimated based on the relevant hydraulic response models. The results show that in the process of high-frequency loading,the water flow in the well-aquifer system is mainly horizontal;while in the process of low-frequency loading,it is combined with horizontal and vertical water flow. The transmissivity estimated by the seismic response model with high frequency by period of 10—10^(2 )s is 7.20×10^(-3)m^(2)/s,which is larger than the value2.02×10^(-6) m^(2)/s estimated using tidal response model with low frequency of period of 3.75×10^(4) s,and the estimation using barometric response model with the medium frequency of period of 102—104 s is between them,as 3.44×10^(-5) m^(2)/s. Based on those results,we conclude that the pattern of water flow in the well-aquifer system is related to the frequency of periodic loading,and the scale effect exists while estimating the hydraulic parameters of the aquifer based on different hydraulic response models. The understanding obtained in this study can not only provide theoretical mechanism explanation for dynamic response of well water level,but also provide technical support for in-situ hydraulic parameters measurement in target aquifer.

关 键 词：井水位 含水层 周期性加载 水力响应模型 范县井 

分 类 号：P315.723[天文地球—地震学]