盐胁迫对湖南稷子苗期生长及生理特性的影响  

Effects of salt stress on growth and physiological characteristics of Echinochloa frumentacea seedlings

作　　者：陆安桥 张峰举[2] 许兴[1] 王学琴[1] 姚姗 LU An-qiao;ZHANG Feng-ju;XU Xing;WANG Xue-qin;YAO Shan(College of Agronomy,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China;Institute of Environment Engineering,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China;Ningxia Qianyeqing Agricultural Technology Development Co.,Ltd.,Shizuishan 753400,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学农学院,宁夏银川750021 [2]宁夏大学环境工程研究院,宁夏银川750021 [3]宁夏千叶青农业科技发展有限公司,宁夏石嘴山753400

出　　处：《草业学报》2021年第5期84-93,共10页Acta Prataculturae Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划课题(2016YFC0501307);国家自然科学基金(31660377);宁夏重点研发计划项目(2018BBF23008);宁夏自然科学基金(2020AAC03078)资助。

摘　　要：以湖南稷子为研究材料,研究不同浓度的NaCl和Na_(2)SO_(4)盐胁迫对湖南稷子苗期生长及生理特性的影响。分别对两种盐胁迫下湖南稷子的生长发育指标(株高、根长、鲜干比等),叶绿体色素含量,渗透调节物质(脯氨酸、可溶性糖),丙二醛和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)进行测定分析。结果表明:50mmol·L^(-1)(NaCl和Na_(2)SO_(4))的盐胁迫是限制湖南稷子苗期生长发育的阈值;50 mmol·L^(-1)(NaCl)和75 mmol·L^(-1)(Na_(2)SO_(4))时叶绿体色素含量最高;脯氨酸含量在盐胁迫下显著高于对照(P<0.05),100 mmol·L^(-1)(NaCl)和125mmol·L^(-1)(Na_(2)SO_(4))是脯氨酸含量可上升的最大盐胁迫浓度;丙二醛含量在盐浓度为100 mmol·L^(-1)(NaCl和Na_(2)SO_(4))时达到最大值;75 mmol·L^(-1)(NaCl)和100 mmol·L^(-1)(Na_(2)SO_(4))时可溶性糖含量、CAT活性达到峰值;SOD活性在盐浓度≥50 mmol·L^(-1)(NaCl和Na_(2)SO_(4))时显著高于对照(P<0.05),且随着盐浓度的增加而增加。因此,湖南稷子对NaCl和Na_(2)SO_(4)盐胁迫表现出低浓度促进生长高浓度抑制生长,且NaCl的抑制作用强于Na_(2)SO_(4)。The aim of this study was to determine the growth and physiological characteristics of Echinochloa frumentacea seedlings under different degrees of salt stress(NaCl and Na_(2)SO_(4)).We determined growth and development indexes(plant height,root length,fresh weight∶dry weight ratio),contents of photosynthetic pigments and osmoregulation substances(proline,soluble sugars),malondialdehyde and activities of antioxidant enzymes(superoxide dismutase,peroxidase,catalase)under two types of salt stress.The results showed that the threshold for growth and development of E.frumentacea seedlings was 50 mmol·L^(-1) NaCl or Na_(2)SO_(4).The highest chloroplast pigment contents were in the 50 mmol·L^(-1) NaCl and 75 mmol·L^(-1) Na_(2)SO_(4) treatments.The proline content was significantly higher in all the salt treatments than in the control(P<0.05).The thresholds for increases in proline content were 100 mmol·L^(-1) NaCl and 125 mmol·L^(-1) Na_(2)SO_(4).The highest malondialdehyde contents were in the 100 mmol·L^(-1) salt treatments(NaCl and Na_(2)SO_(4)).The highest soluble sugars content and catalase activity were in the 75 mmol·L^(-1) NaCl and 100 mmol·L^(-1) Na_(2)SO_(4) treatments,respectively.The activity of superoxide dismutase increased as the NaCl and Na_(2)SO_(4) concentrations increased,and it was significantly higher than that of the control(P<0.05)when the concentration of either salt was greater than or equal to 50 mmol·L^(-1).Therefore,our results show that NaCl and Na_(2)SO_(4) can promote E.frumentacea growth at lower concentrations but inhibit its growth at higher concentrations,and the inhibitory effect of NaCl is stronger than that of Na_(2)SO_(4).

关 键 词：湖南稷子 苗期 盐胁迫 生理特性 

分 类 号：S516[农业科学—作物学]