苗期劲直黄芪根浸提液对8种西藏野生植物化感作用的研究  

Allelopathic effect of root extracts from Astragalus strictus seedlings on eight wild plants of Tibet

作　　者：包赛很那 王向涛[1] 武俊喜[2] 苗彦军[1] 贾祥 田彦婷 BAO Sai Hen-na;WANG Xiang-tao;WU Jun-xi;MIAO Yan-jun;JIA Xiang;TIAN Yan-ting(Tibet Agriculture and Animal Husbandry College,Nyingchi 860000,China;Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China)

机构地区：[1]西藏农牧学院,西藏林芝860000 [2]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101

出　　处：《草业学报》2021年第5期211-220,共10页Acta Prataculturae Sinica

基　　金：西藏自治区2019年厅校联合基金(青年)项目“XZ2019ZRG-48(Z)”;西藏高寒优良牧草种质资源选育平台项目(2020-105012-0000);国家自然基金项目(41761008,31860151)资助。

摘　　要：为了研究苗期劲直黄芪根浸提液对8种西藏野生植物即天蓝苜蓿、垂穗披碱草、小叶棘豆、羊茅、紫花针茅、丝颖针茅、藏北嵩草和黑穗画眉草的化感作用规律,采用室内生物学测定法,研究不同浓度(0.1、0.05、0.025、0.0125g·mL^(-1))劲直黄芪根浸提液对8种植物种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响,阐明劲直黄芪根浸提液对8种植物的化感作用及作用机制。结果表明:劲直黄芪根浸提液对8种植物种子发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数、活力指数、苗高、根长、苗干重和根干重具有显著的化感作用(P<0.05),且8种植物之间存在一定的差异。根浸提液对天蓝苜蓿、小叶棘豆和羊茅种子萌发生长具有促进作用(SE>0),而对垂穗披碱草和紫花针茅种子萌发生长具有抑制作用(SE<0),对丝颖针茅和黑穗画眉草种子萌发生长的作用无明显规律。采用植物平均敏感指数分析劲直黄芪根浸提液对8种植物种子萌发生长的化感作用发现,其对劲直黄芪根浸提液的平均敏感性趋势总体为:垂穗披碱草>紫花针茅>丝颖针茅;促进作用大小顺序为:小叶棘豆>藏北嵩草>黑穗画眉草>羊茅>天蓝苜蓿。We investigated the allelopathic effect of an extract of Astragalus strictus root tissues on the following wild plants of Tibet:Medicago lupulina,Elymus nutans,Oxytropis microphylla,Festuca ovina,Stipa purpurea,Stipa capillacea,Kobresia littledalei,and Eragrostis nigra.An aqueous extract from roots of A.strictus was applied at different concentrations(0.1,0.05,0.025,0.0125 g·mL^(-1))to seeds of the eight plant species,and its effects on seed germination and seedling growth were determined.We detected significant(P<0.05)allelopathic effects of the extract on the germination rate,germination vigor,germination index,vigor index,root length,seedling height,and dry weight of seedlings and roots.There were some differences in responses among the eight tested wild plants.Notably,the root extract significantly(SE>0)accelerated the seed germination and growth of M.lupulina,O.microphylla,and F.ovina;It had inhibitory effects on E.nutans and S.purpurea(SE<0);And it had no obvious effect on S.capillacea and E.nigra.We calculated the average plant sensitivity index to analyze the allelopathic effect of the A.strictus root extract on the seed germination and growth of the eight wild plants.The plants were ranked,from most to least sensitive to the allelopathic effects of the A.strictus root extract,as follows:E.nutans>S.purpurea>S.capillacea.The remaining plants were ranked from strongest to weakest growth-promoting effects of root extract of A.strictus,as follows:O.microphylla>K.littledalei>E.nigra>F.ovina>M.lupulina.

关 键 词：劲直黄芪 化感作用 西藏野生植物 萌发生长 抑制率 化感指数 

分 类 号：S812.6[农业科学—草业科学]