空间用液态金属传热式斯特林发电机换热结构研究  

Research on Heat Transfer Structure of Space-Used Stirling Generator with Liquid Metal

作　　者：刘凯旋 余国瑶[2] 解家春[1] 赵爱虎[1] 吕征[1] LIU Kaixuan;YU Guoyao;XIE Jiachun;ZHAO Aihu;LYU Zheng(China Institute of Atomic Energy,Beijing 102413,China;Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China)

机构地区：[1]中国原子能科学研究院,北京102413 [2]中国科学院理化技术研究所,北京100190

出　　处：《上海航天（中英文）》2021年第2期106-112,共7页Aerospace Shanghai（Chinese&English）

摘　　要：随着对太空的探索逐渐深入,核动力电源的优势日益凸显。针对空间核动力电源中的斯特林循环,本文设计1台10 kW的空间用液态钠钾传热式斯特林发电机组,发电机的高温端钠钾换热流道采用直肋式结构,并对换热结构进行优化研究。首先对斯特林发电机的热力学性能进行计算,在此基础上开展斯特林发电机组高温端换热器换热性能分析,得出72流道能较好满足换热要求;然后对换热结构进行应力应变分析,根据分析结果对换热结构的耐压壳体和钠钾流道管壁进行优化研究,使换热器各部件在工作状态下结构应力均低于材料屈服强度。As space exploration progresses,the advantages of nuclear power sources become increasingly prominent.Aiming at the Stirling cycle in space nuclear power,in this paper,a 10 kW space-used Stirling generator of liquid NaK heat transfer type is designed,in which the high-temperature NaK heat exchanger adopts the straight rib structure,and the heat transfer structure is optimized.First,the thermodynamic properties of the Stirling generator are calculated,and then the heat transfer performance of the high-temperature heat exchanger of the Stirling generator is analyzed,by which it is concluded that 72 flow channels can well meet the heat transfer requirements.Then,the stress and strain of the heat transfer structure are analyzed,and the pressure-resistant shell of the heat transfer structure and the tube wall of the NaK flow channel are optimized,so that the structural stress of each component of the heat exchanger is lower than the material yield strength under the working state.

关 键 词：核动力电源 斯特林发电机 液态金属 换热器 结构应力 

分 类 号：TL413[核科学技术—核技术及应用]