不同饮食处方对高低密度脂蛋白胆固醇血症患者干预有效性评价  

Effectiveness evaluation of different dietary prescriptions for intervention in patients with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol

作　　者：赵蕾 孙博 崔赛赛 张岩 ZHAO Lei;SUN Bo;CUI Sai-sai;ZHANG Yan(Department of General Medicine,General Hospital of Northern Theater Command,Shenyang 110016,China)

机构地区：[1]北部战区总医院全科医学科,辽宁沈阳110016

出　　处：《临床军医杂志》2021年第2期136-138,142,共4页Clinical Journal of Medical Officers

基　　金：辽宁省科学技术基金项目(20170540950)。

摘　　要：目的探讨碳水化合物、蛋白质和脂肪3种不同比例的饮食处方对高低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)血症患者干预的有效性。方法选取北部战区总医院自2018年1月至2019年12月收治的132例高LDL-C血症患者为研究对象。采用随机数字表法将其分为平衡营养组(碳水化合物∶蛋白质∶脂肪=5∶2∶3)、碳水化合物控制组(碳水化合物∶蛋白质∶脂肪=4∶3∶3)及脂肪控制组(碳水化合物∶蛋白质∶脂肪=6∶2∶2),每组各44例。干预后12个月,检测并比较各组患者收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)、体质量、空腹血糖(FG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、LDL-C、总胆固醇(TC)及甘油三酯(TG)。评价不同饮食处方对高LDL-C血症患者代谢指标干预的有效性。结果干预后,平衡营养组患者LDL-C、TC水平均低于干预前,碳水化合物控制组患者体质量低于干预前,脂肪控制组患者LDL-C水平低于干预前,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预后,平衡营养组与脂肪控制组患者血清LDL-C水平均下降,且平衡营养组下降幅度大于脂肪控制组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论3种饮食处方对高LDL-C血症患者均疗效确切,碳水化合物、蛋白质、脂肪比例为5∶2∶3降脂效果最佳。Objective To investigate the effectiveness of 3 dietary prescriptions with different proportions of carbohydrate,protein and lipid in the intervention of patients with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)hypercholesterolemia.Methods A retrospective study was performed on 132 cases of patients with LDL-C who were admitted from January 2018 to December 2019.Patients were randomly divided into the balanced diet group(carbohydrate:protein:fat=5∶2∶3),carbohydrate-control diet group(carbohydrate:protein∶fat=4∶3∶3)and fat-control diet group(carbohydrate:protein:fat=6∶2∶2),with 44 cases in each group.Twelve months after intervention,systolic blood pressure(SBP),diastolic blood pressure(DBP),body weight,fasting blood glucose(FG),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C),LDL-C,total cholesterol(TC)and triglyceride(TG)were measured and compared in each group.To evaluate the effectiveness of different dietary prescriptions in the intervention of metabolic indexes in patients with high LDL-C hypercholesterolemia.Results After intervention,LDL-C and TC levels in balanced diet group were lower than those before intervention,body weight in carbohydrate-control diet group was lower than that before intervention,and LDL-C level in fat-control diet group was lower than that before intervention,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).After intervention,serum LDL-C level in both balanced diet group and fat-control diet group reduced,and the reduced rate in balanced diet group was greater than that in fat-control diet group(P<0.05).Conclusion All the three dietary prescriptions have definite effect on hypercholesterolemia patients with high LDL-C,and the ratio of carbohydrate,protein and fat is 5∶2∶3,which has the best effect on lowering lipid.

关 键 词：低密度脂蛋白胆固醇 非药物干预 饮食处方 

分 类 号：R589.21[医药卫生—内分泌]