火烧迹地植被恢复对生长季林内小气候的调节作用  

Regulation Effects of Burned Areas Vegetation Restoration on Forest Microclimate Characteristics in the Growing Season

作　　者：王丽红 高鸿坤 赵雨森[2] 付强 何传源 孙鑫 梁建鑫 张啸鹏 Wang Lihong;Gao Hongkun;Zhao Yusen;Fu Qiang;He Chuanyuan;Sun Xin;Liang Jianxin;Zhang Xiaopeng(School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University ,Harbin 150030;College of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University ,Harbin 150040)

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学水利与土木工程学院,哈尔滨150030 [2]东北林业大学林学院,哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《林业科学》2021年第4期14-23,共10页Scientia Silvae Sinicae

基　　金：黑龙江省博士后面上资助经费项目(LBH-Z17030);国家“十二五”科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD08B02);东北农业大学青年才俊项目(20QC14);东北农业大学SIPT项目(202010224339)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究大兴安岭重度火烧迹地不同恢复年限兴安落叶松人工林生长季的空气温湿度和土壤温度变化特征,深入认识火烧迹地植被恢复对林内小气候的调节作用。【方法】采用空间代时间的方法,对重度火烧迹地后不同恢复年限(3~24年)的兴安落叶松人工林原位观测生长季(6—9月)内空气温湿度和土壤温度,利用HOBO Prov2温湿度记录仪监测距地表1.5 m高处空气温湿度,利用WatchDog B101型按钮温度记录仪监测5和10 cm深处土壤温度,每隔1 h自动记录数据,比较不同恢复年限兴安落叶松人工林空气温湿度、土壤温度日变化及生长季变化。【结果】空气温度日变化呈现早晚低、日间高的倒“U”字型变化趋势,空气相对湿度日变化呈现“U”字型变化趋势,土壤温度日变化呈现不同相位的正弦曲线,5 cm深处土壤温度日较差比10 cm深处大,5 cm深处土壤最高温和最低温出现时间比10 cm深处早;各恢复年限兴安落叶松人工林生长季空气温度日较差高于土壤温度日较差,空气最低温和最高温出现时间早于土壤;随着恢复年限增加,空气温湿度和土壤温度的最高值及最低值的出现时间均表现出延迟效应,日较差也逐渐减小;恢复24年时,空气和土壤的最高温、最低温出现时间比对照样地晚1~2 h,空气相对湿度的最高值、最低值出现时间比对照样地晚1~3 h;随恢复年限增加,林内空气温度逐渐降低,恢复24年时6、7、8、9月空气温度比对照样地显著降低3.5、2.96、3.46和3.84℃;植被恢复过程中6—9月空气相对湿度为58.69%~85.79%,恢复24年时最高,对照样地最低,恢复24年时6、7、8、9月空气相对湿度比对照样地显著提高14.19%、12.89%、13.16%和13.67%;随恢复年限增加,5和10 cm深处土壤温度均逐渐降低,恢复24年时6、7、8、9月5 cm深处土壤温度分别比对照样地低9.71、6.85、6.17和4.76℃,10 cm深处土壤温度比对照样地�【Objective】This study aims to characterize the changes of air temperature and humidity,and soil temperature in Larix gmelinii plantation in different years of restoration in severely burned areas of Great Xing’an Mountains,and to deepen understanding of the regulating effect of vegetation restoration on microclimate in burned areas.【Method】In this study,the method of time-space mutual substitution was adopted to select L.gmelinii plantation in different years of(3-24 years)restoration in severely burned areas of Great Xing’an Mountains.Air temperature and humidity and soil temperature were measured in situ in the growing season from June to September in order to compare the diurnal and seasonal variation of air temperature,relative air humidity and soil temperature of L.gmelinii plantation among different years of restoration.Specifically,air temperature and humidity at 1.5 m above ground were automatically monitored hourly using the temperature-humidity recorder of HOBO Prov2,and soil temperature at 5 cm and 10 cm under ground was automatically monitored hourly using the temperature recorder of WatchDog B101.【Result】The diurnal variation of air temperature showed an inverted U-shaped trend,with low values in the morning and evening,and high values during the daytime.The diurnal variation of relative air humidity showed a U-shaped trend,and the diurnal variation of soil temperature showed a sinusoidal curve of different phases.Diurnal variation of soil temperature at 5 cm under ground was higher than that of 10 cm under ground.Maximum and minimum soil temperature at 5 cm under ground occurred earlier than that of 10 cm under ground.Diurnal variation of air temperature was higher than that of soil,and the minimum and maximum air temperature appeared earlier than that of soil for L.gmelinii plantation among different years of restoration.With the increase of years of restoration,the occurrence time of maximum and minimum values of air temperature and humidity and soil temperature all showed a delaye

关 键 词：兴安落叶松 火烧迹地 植被恢复 空气温湿度 土壤温度 

分 类 号：S716.3[农业科学—林学]