鸭绿江口脊尾白虾的生物学特征初步研究  

Biological Characteristics of Ridgetail White Prawn Exopalaemon carinicauda in Yalu River Estuary

作　　者：吉光 刘修泽[1] 董婧[1] 王小林[1] 王爱勇[1] 郭栋[1] 王源元 田杨 JI Guang;LIU Xiuze;DONG Jing;WANG Xiaolin;WANG Aiyong;GUO Dong;WANG Yuanyuan;TIAN Yang(Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources and Ecology, Liaoning Ocean and Fisheries Science Research Institute, Dalian 116023, China;Management of Fishery Administration of Pulandian in Dalian, Dalian 116200, China;Management of Fishing Harbor Supervision of Pulandian in Dalian, Dalian 116200, China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁省海洋水产科学研究院,辽宁省海洋生物资源与生态学重点实验室,辽宁大连116023 [2]大连市普兰店渔政管理所,辽宁大连116200 [3]大连市普兰店渔港监督,辽宁大连116200

出　　处：《水产科学》2021年第3期434-439,共6页Fisheries Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31770458);国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC1404400);辽宁省自然科学基金面上项目(2019-MS-180);辽宁省科学事业公益研究基金资助项目(20180053);大连市青年科技之星项目(2017RQ160).

摘　　要：2017年5—12月,在距离鸭绿江大桥下游35 km处的鸭绿江河口水域,船两侧各吊挂1片舷张网,水平网口10 m,垂直网口4 m,网衣长20 m,囊网网目5 mm,网口固定于船舷两侧长12 m的横杆上,每月1次调查鸭绿江河口区脊尾白虾的生物学特征。每次连续进行24 h、4个潮流的渔获物采集。结果显示,5—12月共计8个航次捕获脊尾白虾206 kg,体长为23~78 mm,体质量为0.2~7.9 g,平均体长(50.7±9.9)mm,平均体质量(2.3±1.4)g。其中雌虾的体长及体质量均值均高于雄虾,t检验表明,雌虾与雄虾的体长、体质量均值均有显著差异(P<0.05)。体长(L)与体质量(m)关系为:雌性,m=9.9×10^(-6)L^(3.1138)(r^(2)=0.9219);雄性,m=2.2×10^(-5)L^(2.9081)(r^(2)=0.9274)。异速生长因子b与3均无显著差异(P>0.05),雌雄个体均接近于等速生长。5—12月的航次调查数据结合生产作业渔船的捕捞信息表明,脊尾白虾的繁殖期为5—9月,繁殖盛期为6月和8月。绝对生殖力(FA)为468~3151粒,平均为(1809±707)粒。绝对生殖力与体长、体质量的最佳拟合关系为幂函数方程,分别为FA=0.0194L^(2.7652)(r^(2)=0.7487),FA=482.31m^(0.8955)(r^(2)=0.8301)。The biological characteristics of ridgetail white prawn Exopalaemon carinicauda,as an economically important species,were monthly surveyed in Yalu River Estuary 35 km away from the downstream of the Dandong River Bridge by nets with horizontal net mouth of 10 m,vertical net mouth of 4 m,and 20 m long net bag with mesh of 5 mm,hung on both sides of a fishing vessel from May to December 2017.The results showed that a total of 206 kg ridgetail white prawn were captured during the 8-month voyage,with the body length ranging from 23 to 78 mm,body weight ranging from 0.2 to 7.9 g,average body length of(50.7±9.9)mm,and average body weight of(2.3±1.4)g.The females had higher average body length and body weight than the males did.t test indicated that there were significant difference in body length and body weight between female and male(P<0.05).The relationships between body length(L)and body weight(m)were expressed as m=9.9×10^(-6)L^(3.1138)(r^(2)=0.9219,female)and m=2.2×10^(-5)L^(2.9081)(r^(2)=0.9274,male).There was not significant difference between the value of allometric growth factor b and 3(P>0.05),showing that both male and female individuals are close to the constant growth.Voyage survey data from May to December combined with fishing information of fishing vessels in Yalu River Estuary,the ridgetail white prawn spawned in May until September,with the spawning peaks in June and August,and had absolute fecundity(FA)of 468—3151 eggs,with an average value of(1809±707)eggs.The best relationships between absolute fecundity(FA)and body length(L)and body weight(m)were power exponential fitting,which were FA=0.0194L^(2.7652)(r^(2)=0.7487)and FA=482.31m^(0.8955)(r^(2)=0.8301).

关 键 词：脊尾白虾 鸭绿江口 繁殖生物学 

分 类 号：S917[农业科学—水产科学]