温度对黄缘闭壳龟孵化和稚龟表型特征的影响  

Effects of Incubation Temperature on Hatching and Hatchling Traits in Chinese Box Turtle Cuora flavomarginata

作　　者：杨贵强[1] 李文通[1] 林泉 郑煌 马峻峰[1] 皮国华 牛红军 袁丁[1] YANG Guiqiang;LI Wentong;LIN Quan;ZHENG Huang;MA Junfeng;PI Guohua;NIU Hongjun;YUAN Ding(National Engineering Technology Research Center for Freshwater Fisheries,Beijing Fisheries Research Institute,Beijing 100068,China;Beijing Zhonglin Freshwater Aquaculture Center,Beijing 101399,China;Aquatic Technical Service Station of Shunyi District in Beijing,Beijing 101300,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市水产科学研究所暨国家淡水渔业工程技术研究中心,北京100068 [2]北京众林淡水养殖中心,北京101399 [3]北京市顺义区水产技术服务站,北京101300

出　　处：《水产科学》2021年第3期440-445,共6页Fisheries Science

基　　金：北京市观赏鱼创新团队项目(BAIC0320190203);北京市财政项目(PXM2019-179303-000037).

摘　　要：为研究温度对黄缘闭壳龟受精卵孵化和稚龟表型特征的影响,采用恒温孵化法,设置3个孵育温度(26±0.5)、(28±0.5)、(30±0.5)℃,每个温度放置卵30个,检测孵化期、孵化率和孵化稚龟表型特征并进行统计分析。试验结果表明,28℃试验组的孵化成功率最高,达到93.3%,孵化期75 d,相对较短,所孵幼体的体质量和13个表型性状显著高于26℃试验组(P<0.05),有利于幼体的生长;依据孵化率高低、稚龟体质量和表型特征大小,28℃是黄缘闭壳龟在北京及周边地区孵化的适宜温度条件。因此,孵化温度显著影响龟卵孵化效果和稚龟表型特征,该试验结果对黄缘闭壳龟在京津冀地区的繁育孵化具有重要的参考价值。Ninety fertilized eggs of Chinese box turtle Cuora flavomarginata were incubated in a constant temperature incubator at temperature of 26℃,28℃and 30℃to evaluate the effects of different temperatures on the hatching rate,and body weight and phenotypic traits of the hatched turtles.The results showed that the fertilized eggs were hatched in 82 d at 26℃,75 d at 28℃and 73 d at 30℃,with the maximal hatching rate and short incubation in 28℃group.The juveniles in the 26℃group had significantly lower body weight than that the turtles in the 28℃and 30℃groups did(P<0.05),without significant difference between 28℃group and 30℃group(P>0.05).The weight gain rate(WGR)and specific growth rate(SGR)of the newly hatched turtles were found to be significantly lower in the test group at 26℃and 28℃than those in the 30℃group(P<0.05)from 1 day post hatching(DPH)to 54 DPH.From 55 DPH to 209 DPH,however,the hatchlings in the 26℃group had significantly higher WGR and SGR than those in the 28℃and 30℃groups(P<0.05).It is considered that 28℃is a suitable temperature condition for Chinese box turtles hatching in Beijing and its surrounding areas.The findings have important theoretical reference and guiding significance for the Chinese box turtle breeding in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region.

关 键 词：黄缘闭壳龟 孵化 温度 性状 

分 类 号：S966.5[农业科学—水产养殖]