西藏色季拉山东西坡藓类植物多样性的比较  

Comparative study on moss diversity on the eastern and western slopes in Sygera Mountain of Tibet

作　　者：马和平 王瑞红 屈兴乐 袁敏 MA Heping;WANG Ruihong;QU Xingle;YUAN Min(Res.Institute of Tibet Plateau Ecology,Tibet Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology in Plateau Area,Ministry of Educationc,National Key Station of Field Scientific Observation & Experiment,Tibet Agriculture & Animal Husbandry University,Nyingchi 860000,China)

机构地区：[1]西藏农牧学院高原生态研究所,西藏高原森林生态教育部重点实验室,西藏林芝高山森林生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站,西藏林芝860000

出　　处：《甘肃农业大学学报》2021年第2期129-140,共12页Journal of Gansu Agricultural University

基　　金：植被与环境变化国家重点实验室开放课题(LVEC-2020kf01);国家自然科学基金项目(32060264).

摘　　要：【目的】色季拉山是我国青藏高原亚高山寒温带的代表性区域,在该区域开展藓类植物研究对探讨亚高山寒温带和相关过渡区苔藓植物特征具有重要意义.【方法】本研究分A尺度和B尺度2种.在A尺度上,本研究范围是以色季拉山为中心,沿着318国道从通麦-排龙-东久-鲁朗-色季拉山山口-林芝镇-巴吉村进行标本采集工作,海拔每升高100 m设置1块样地,同时每两块样地之间也进行相应地采样.在B尺度上,则是以西藏林芝高山森林生态系统研究观测站的固定样地为研究区域进行苔藓植物的相关调查工作和标本的采集.【结果】通过对色季拉山藓类植物的样方调查和采集,采用经典分类方法,对3000余号标本进行鉴定,结果表明该区域共有藓类植物24科82属216种.研究区藓类植物在不同的植被类型和坡向上具有明显差异.物种丰富度以方枝柏-急尖长苞冷杉林内最高,α多样性在急尖长苞冷杉林带最大,在杜鹃林和方枝柏林中较小,在高山灌丛中最小.β多样性研究说明,在东坡:β多样性在方枝柏-杜鹃林带最大,在高山灌丛和方枝柏-急尖长苞冷杉林带最小.在西坡:β多样性在急尖长苞冷杉林带最大,在高山灌丛和急尖长苞冷杉林带最小.【结论】西藏色季拉山东西坡藓类植物分布差异明显.【Objective】Sygera Mountain is the representative region of subalpine cold-temperate zone in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.It is of great significance to study the characteristics of mosses in this region and related transition zone.【Method】This study was conducted at two scales,i.e.A and B.At the A scale,with Sygera Mountain as the center,moss specimens were collected by the route of from Tongmai,Pailong,Dongjiu,Lulang,Sejila Mountain Pass,Nyingchi Town to Baji Village along National Highway 318.For every 100 m elevation in altitude,a sample plot was set,and the sampling was conducted in between-two-plot area.At the B scale,moss specimens were collected in the fixed sample site of the Tibetan Nyingchi Alpine forest Ecosystem Research Observatory.【Result】More than 3000 specimens of mosses were collected by the sample survey,and were identified with the classical classification method.It was showed that there were 216 species of 82 genuses in 24 families in this area,and that the mosses collected in this region displayed obvious difference with different vegetation types and the slopes.The species richness was the highest in Sabina saltuaria-Abiesgeorgei var.smithii forest.Theα-diversity was the highest in Abiesgeorgei var.smithii forest,and medium in Sabina saltuaria-Rhododendron forest,the lowest in the Alpine shrub.On the eastern slope,theβdiversity was the biggest in Sabina saltuaria-Rhododendron forest belt,and the smallest in Alpine shrub-Sabina saltuaria-Abiesgeorgei var.smithii forest belt;whereas,on the western slope,theβdiversity was the largest in Abiesgeorgei var.smithii forest belt and the smallest in Alpine shrub-Abiesgeorgei var.smithii forest.【Conclusion】The distribution and diversity of mosses was significantly different between the eastern and western slopes of Sygera Mountain of Tibet.

关 键 词：藓类植物 物种多样性 色季拉山 西藏 

分 类 号：S949.352[农业科学—水产养殖]