保障智力残障人士支持性就业的法律路径研究——以欧盟相关立法经验为启示  

Research on Legal Path to Protect the Supported Employment of People with Intellectual Disabilities——Inspiration from Relevant EU Legislation Experience

作　　者：陈佳[1] Chen Jia(School of Economic Law,East China University of Political Science and Law,Shanghai,200063)

机构地区：[1]华东政法大学经济法学院,上海200042

出　　处：《山东工会论坛》2021年第3期102-110,共9页Shandong Trade Unions＇ Tribune

摘　　要：智力残障人士作为一类特殊的残疾人,其就业情况不容乐观。大部分国家对智力残障人士的就业保护还停留在庇护性就业阶段。这一保护形式虽然在一定程度上帮助智力残障人士改善了就业问题,但同时也将这类群体排除在劳动法保护的劳动者范畴外,使得其劳动权益无法得到保障。因此欧盟对残疾人的就业保护模式已从庇护性就业转变为支持性就业,并通过相关的劳动立法保障支持性就业的落实。欧盟的立法对“残疾”采取了社会模式定义,同时引入了合理便利原则并大力发挥社会团体在智力残障人士支持性就业中的作用。我国应当结合国情借鉴欧盟的经验,通过劳动相关立法推动智力残障人士的支持性就业。As a special type of disabled persons,the employment situation of people with intellectual disabilities is not optimistic.In most countries,employment protection for people with intellectual disabilities is still sheltered employment.Although this form of protection has helped them to improve their employment situation to a certain extent,it also excludes them from the scope of workers protected by the labor law,making their labor rights unprotected.Therefore,the EU’s employment protection model for people with disabilities has changed from sheltered employment to supported employment,and the implementation of supported employment has been guaranteed through relevant law.EU adopts a social model definition for"disability",and at the same time introduces the principle of reasonable accommodation and vigorously promotes the role of social organizations in supporting employment for people with intellectual disabilities.China should draw on the experience of the EU based on our national conditions,and promote supported employment for people with intellectual disabilities through labor-related legislation.

关 键 词：智力残障人士 残疾人 支持性就业 庇护性就业 合理便利原则 

分 类 号：D922.5[政治法律—民商法学] F241.4[政治法律—法学]