圆柱密圈弹簧轴向变形公式简易验证试验方法  

A Simple Verification Test Method for Axial Deformation Formula of Cylindrical Closed-Coil Spring

作　　者：孙先念 梁一超 蔡宏江 叶金萍 刘杨[1] SUN Xiannian;LIANG Yichao;CAI Hongjiang;YE Jinping;LIU Yang(Faculty of Mechanics,Dalian Maritime University,Dalian 116026,China)

机构地区：[1]大连海事大学力学教研室,大连116026

出　　处：《实验科学与技术》2021年第2期68-72,共5页Experiment Science and Technology

基　　金：大连海事大学教学改革项目(2020Y51);大连海事大学“课程思政”示范课程项目(工程力学)(2020);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(3132020163)。

摘　　要：在材料力学课程的扭转变形一章中,基于能量法推导了圆柱形密圈弹簧轴向变形公式,该文提出了一个验证该公式的简易试验方法。利用数字图像相关法精确测量弹簧轴向变形,得到弹簧常数,结合材料力学教材中的弹簧轴向变形公式,计算出弹簧材料的剪切弹性模量,以验证弹簧轴向变形公式的正确性。此试验方法简单直观,不涉及复杂的数据处理,易于学生在课下实施,使学生在了解数字图像相关法的同时,还可以深入理解材料力学课程中关于扭转变形的理论公式。该方法不仅适于本科生力学试验教学,也可应用于弹簧的力学性能测试。Axial deformation formula of cylindrical closed-coil spring,a derived formula based on energy method of the torsional deformation in the course of mechanics of materials,is verified by a simple experimental method proposed in this paper.The axial deformation of a spring is accurately measured by using digital image correlation(DIC)method to calculate its spring constant.According to axial deformation formula of spring in the textbook of mechanics of materials,the shear modulus of spring material is calculated to prove the correctness of the axial deformation formula.The proposed test method is easy for students to practice because of its intuitive simplicity and avoidance of complicated data processing.In addition,students can have a better understanding of digital image correlation method and the theoretical formula of torsional deformation in the course of mechanics of materials.The proposed method both applies in mechanical test teaching and tests the mechanical property of a spring as well.

关 键 词：数字图像相关法 材料力学试验方法 剪切弹性模量 弹簧 

分 类 号：O341[理学—固体力学]