汉语声调对感音神经性听力损失患者噪声下语句识别的作用  

The Contributions of Chinese Lexical Tone to Sentence Recognition in Noise for Hearing-impaired Listeners

作　　者：王哲 杨柳[1] 董瑞娟[1] 王媛[1] 陈静[1] 王硕[1] Wang Zhe;Yang Liu;Dong Ruijuan;Wang Yuan;Chen Jing;Wang Shuo(Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,Beijing Tongren Hospital,Capital Medical University,Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,Ministry of Education,Beijing Institute of Otolaryngology,Beijing,100005,China)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科,耳鼻咽喉头颈科学教育部重点实验室(首都医科大学),北京市耳鼻咽喉科研究所,北京100005

出　　处：《听力学及言语疾病杂志》2021年第3期262-266,共5页Journal of Audiology and Speech Pathology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(81870715,81200754);2017北京市东城区优秀人才培养资助项目;北京市卫生系统高层次卫生技术人才基金项目(2015-3-012);2012北京市科技新星计划资助项目(Z121107002512033)。

摘　　要：目的探讨言语声调信息对于感音神经性听力损失(sensorineural hearing loss,SNHL)患者噪声下言语识别的作用。方法选取听力正常者10例(平均22.5±1.02岁)、SNHL患者38例(平均36.92±12.38岁,轻度听力损失10例,中度听力损失18例,重度听力损失10例)、听神经病谱系障碍(auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder,ANSD)者4例(平均30.75±11.30岁)为研究对象,使用汉语普通话噪声下言语测试句表作为测试材料,分别在安静环境、语谱噪声和双人语噪声下测试三组对象对自然声调及平声调语句的识别能力,分析声调信息对于不同程度SNHL患者和ANSD患者噪声下语句识别的影响。结果声调模式、噪声模式与听力损失程度都是影响语句识别的主要因素(P<0.05)。无论是在安静环境还是在噪声环境下,听力正常者自然声调和平声调的语句识别率无显著差异(P>0.05),而SNHL者自然声调下的语句识别率均显著高于平声调语句识别率(P<0.05),且双人语噪声比语谱噪声对语句识别的影响更大,随着听力损失程度加重,差异越显著(P<0.05)。ANSD者在安静环境自然声调语句识别率与轻度听力损失SNHL者无显著差异(P>0.05),但平声调语句识别率显著下降(P<0.05),噪声环境下语句识别率接近或等于零。结论言语声调信息对SNHL患者语句识别作用显著,且随着听力损失程度加重,言语声调信息对其言语感知的影响逐渐增大;言语声调信息对于ANSD患者感知言语的作用更为重要。Objective To study the contributions of lexical tone to sentence recognition in noise for listeners with sensorineural hearing loss(SNHL)and listeners with auditory neuropathy spectrum disorders(ANSD).Methods The Mandarin Hearing in Noise Test(MHINT)was used as test materials.Three groups of subjects were recruited,including 10 normal-hearing subjects(22.5±1.02years old);38 SNHL subjects(10 with mild degree,18 with moderate degree,and 10 with severe degree)(36.92±12.38years old);and 4 ANSD subjects(30.75±11.30 years old).The MHINT with natural tone and with flat tone were presented to subjects respectively in order to test their sentence recognition ability.Two kinds of noise were used in the test,speech-shaped noise(SSN)and two-talker babbles(TTB)noise respectively.Then,the speech recognition score was analyzed for different conditions.Results The tone pattern,noise pattern,and hearing loss were all main impacting factors on sentence recognition(P<0.05).In general,the sentence recognition score of MHINT with the natural tone was significantly higher than that of MHINT with the flat tone in both quiet and noisy environments(P<0.05).For SNHL subjects,the TTB noise had a greater influence on the sentence recognition than the SSN.As the hearing loss became severer,the influence became more dramatic(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the sentence recognition score between SNHL subjects and ANSD subjects with the mild hearing loss,while the sentence recognition ability for ANSD subjects was decreased when they listened to the MHINT with the flat tone(P<0.05).The sentence recognition ability for ANSD subjects was almost deteriorated when the noise present.Conclusion(1)It is more important for SNHL subjects that the sentence can contain the lexical tone information in comparison with normal-hearing subjects.And the contribution of the lexical tone to the sentence recognition becomes more obvious as the hearing loss is getting severer.(2)In comparison with SNHL subjects,the contribution of the lexical tone

关 键 词：言语声调 听力损失 言语识别 噪声 

分 类 号：R764.43[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]