甲烷选择性氧化制甲醛/甲醇多相催化剂研究进展  

Research progress on heterogeneous catalysts for the selective oxidation of methane to formaldehyde/methanol

作　　者：王莹 孔莲 赵震 范晓强[1] 解则安 肖霞 Wang Ying;Kong Lian;Zhao Zhen;Fan Xiaoqiang;Xie Zean;Xiao Xia(Institute of Catalysis for Energy and Environment,College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Shenyang Normal University,Shenyang 110034,Liaoning,China;State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing,China University of Petroleum,Beijing 102249,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳师范大学化学化工学院,能源与环境催化研究所,辽宁沈阳110034 [2]中国石油大学(北京)重质油国家重点实验室,北京102249

出　　处：《工业催化》2021年第4期1-15,共15页Industrial Catalysis

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(91845201、22002093);沈阳师范大学重大孵化项目(ZD201801)。

摘　　要：甲烷是天然气、页岩气等化石能源的主要成分,储量十分丰富。由于甲烷分子结构高度稳定,其高效活化与选择性转化具有很大的挑战性,被认为是催化反应领域的“圣杯”,因此,如何在温和条件下实现甲烷选择性氧化为高附加值的含氧化合物(如甲醇、甲醛)成为研究热点。近几十年来,研究者在甲烷选择性氧化催化剂的设计与制备方面开展了大量卓有成效的工作,但仍不能满足工业化生产要求。围绕这一反应,主要介绍甲烷通过气固相催化氧化、液固相催化氧化反应制备甲醛和甲醇的研究进展,并对这些催化体系的作用机理、活性物种类型和活性位结构进行科学认识。期望通过对甲烷选择性氧化催化剂的深入探究,最终指导高活性、高选择性催化剂的设计与开发。Methane is the main component of fossil fuels such as natural gas and shale gas,and its reserves are plentiful.The efficient activation and selective transformation of methane molecule is a great challenge due to its highly stable structure,which is regarded as the“holy grail”in the field of the catalytic reactions.Therefore,how to realize the selective oxidation of methane to high value-added oxygenated chemicals(such as methanol and formaldehyde)under mild conditions has become a hot research topic in recent years.In decades,a lot of effective work in the design and preparation of catalysts for the selective oxidation of methane have been done.But there is still a huge gap from the requirements of industrialization.In the review,we mainly summarizes recent advances in the synthesis of formaldehyde and methanol by the gas-solid and liquid-solid catalytic oxidation of methane.And a scientific understanding of the mechanism of these catalytic systems,the types of active species and the structure of active sites has been also investigated.It is expected to provide the guidance for the design and development of high activity and high selectivity catalysts through the in-depth exploration of methane selective oxidation catalysts.

关 键 词：催化化学 甲烷 选择性氧化 含氧化合物 多相催化反应 

分 类 号：O643.36[理学—物理化学] TQ221.11[理学—化学]