不同覆盖材料抑制废石堆氡析出试验研究  

Experimental Research on Inhibiting Radon Exhalation From Waste Rock Pile with Different Covering Materials

作　　者：崔宇 郭锦涛 王文博 CUI Yu;GUO Jintao;WANG Wenbo(Geological party No.208,CNNC,Baotou,Inner Mongolia 014010,China)

机构地区：[1]核工业二〇八大队,内蒙古包头014010

出　　处：《铀矿地质》2021年第3期528-533,共6页Uranium Geology

基　　金：“陕晋蒙地区军工铀矿地质勘探设施“十三五”退役整治工程”项目资助。

摘　　要：覆盖材料抑制氡析出的试验研究为实现该地区高效覆盖治理提供了必要的理论支撑。目前国内外关于覆盖材料的相关研究比较匮乏,研究成果不能满足实际工程应用需求。文章以某铀矿废石堆为研究对象,因地制宜的选取了不同覆盖材料,为确保覆盖治理的合理性和经济性,对4种不同覆盖材料(砾石、砂质亚黏土、砂质亚黏土与砾石(2:1)、砂质亚黏土与砂(2:1))抑制废石堆氡析出的效果进行试验。结果表明,在试验外界条件和覆盖厚度基本相同的情况下,4种覆盖材料的覆盖能力存在明显差异,覆盖效果为砂质亚黏土>砂质亚黏土+砾石(2:1)>砂质亚黏土+砂(2:1)>砾石,砂质亚黏土和砂质亚黏土与砾石混合物均为合适的覆盖物,具体选取需根据当地土源地情况确定。砂质亚黏土覆盖效果最明显,当砂质亚黏土覆盖厚度达68 cm时,氡析出率低于0.74 Bq/(m^(2)·s),符合废石场环境整治要求。Research on the ability of covering material to inhibit radon exhalation will lay the theoretical basis for the realization of efficient coverage control in a relevant area,relevant researches are seldom reported and fall far behind the requirements of practical engineering application.In this work,waste rock pile of a uranium mine was tested as the research object.Different covering materials were selected under local conditions to ensure the reasonable and economical type of coverage management.An experimental research on the effect of four different covering materials,nominating gravel,sandy subclay,mixture of sandy subclay and gravel(2:1),mixture of sandy subclay and sand(2:1),were carried out on inhibiting radon exhalation from waste rock pile.The experimental results showed that the covering effects of the four covering materials were descending listed as Sandy subclay,sandy subclay+gravel(2:1),sandy subclay+sand(2:1)and grave l.The inhibition effect of radon exhalation rate of Sandy sub clay and sandy sub clay and gravel mixtures are optional coverings.The specific selection should be determined according to the local soil source.The covering effect of sandy subclay is the most obvious.When the thickness of sandy subclay is up to 68cm,the radon exhalation rate is less than 0.74 Bq/(m^(2)·s).Under this condition,it meets the waste rock yard environmental treatment requirements.

关 键 词：氡 覆盖材料 废石堆 氡析出 

分 类 号：X591[环境科学与工程—环境工程] P624.8[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]