基于因子克里金分析方法的航空重力梯度降噪  

Noise reduction for airborne gravity gradient based on factor Kriging analysis method

作　　者：赵德军[1,2] 孙中苗 赵东明 ZHAO Dejun;SUN Zhongmiao;ZHAO Dongming(Institute of Geospatial Information,Information Engineering University,Zhengzhou 450001,China;Xi’an Division of Surveying and Mapping,Xi’an 710054,China;State Key Laboratory of Geo-Information Engineering,Xi’an 710054,China;Xi’an Research Institute of Surveying and Mapping,Xi’an 710054,China)

机构地区：[1]信息工程大学地理空间信息学院,郑州450001 [2]西安测绘总站,西安710054 [3]地理信息工程国家重点实验室,西安710054 [4]西安测绘研究所,西安710054

出　　处：《中国惯性技术学报》2021年第1期48-54,共7页Journal of Chinese Inertial Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41774018,41674082,41574020);国家社会科学基金(军事学)(2020-SKJJ-C-043)。

摘　　要：针对航空重力梯度测量数据降噪处理中,传统低通滤波器存在需要选择最优滤波参数和对原始数据网格化的问题,提出应用地质统计学中的克里金分析方法进行重力梯度测量数据降噪。首先对重力梯度这一区域化变量进行结构分析,确定其变异函数是否具有各向同性的性质。接着采用加权最小二乘法对各向同性的变异函数套合拟合,分解出不同参数的变异函数。最后利用因子克里金方程组将不同参数的变异函数转换成不同尺度的因子,从而实现重力梯度的多尺度分析,进而达到降噪的目的。模拟数据试验表明,因子克里金降噪法非常适用于地质特征明显区域的梯度场降噪,相对于传统的低通滤波器,重力梯度各分量精度平均提升了36%,而垂直梯度分量尤为显著达到了42%。降噪后的实测航空重力梯度也呈现出明显的地质走向特征。In order to solve the problems that traditional low-pass filter needs to select the optimal filter parameters and gride the raw data in noise reduction of airborne gravity gradient data,the Kriging analysis method in geostatistics is proposed.Firstly,the structure of gravity gradient is analyzed to determine whether its variogram has the property of isotropy.Then,the weighted least square method is used to fit the isotropic variogram,and the variogram with different parameters is decomposed.Lastly,the variogram of different parameters is transformed into the factors of different scales by using the Factor Kriging equations,so as to realize the multi-scale decomposition of gravity gradient and achieve the purpose of noise reduction.The simulation data tests show that the Factor Kriging denoising method is very suitable for gradient field denoising in areas with obvious geological characteristics.Compared with the traditional low-pass filter,the accuracy of gravity gradient components is increased by 36%,and the vertical gradient component is especially significant,reaching 42%.The measured airborne gravity gradient after noise reduction also shows obvious geological trend characteristics.

关 键 词：航空重力梯度 降噪 因子克里金 空间变异分析 

分 类 号：P631[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]