熊蜂主要病虫害的发生和危害现状  

Occurrence and current status of the main pathogens and parasites of bumblebees

作　　者：张广硕 丁桂玲[1] 安建东[1] ZHANG Guang-Shuo;DING Gui-Ling;AN Jian-Dong(Key Laboratory for Insect-Pollinator Biology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Institute of Apicultural Research,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100093,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院蜜蜂研究所,农业农村部授粉昆虫生物学重点开放实验室,北京100093

出　　处：《应用昆虫学报》2021年第2期277-288,共12页Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32072797);中国农业科学院科技创新工程(CAAS-ASTIP-2015-IAR)。

摘　　要：熊蜂以其独有的形态特征与生物学特性,在植物授粉中发挥着十分重要作用。然而受寄生虫、真菌等多种病原体影响,近几十年来全球多个地区熊蜂多样性急剧下降。欧洲地熊蜂Bombus terrestris在全球商业化推广应用,加剧了相关熊蜂病虫害的传播和蔓延,已在多地造成生物入侵危害,导致当地传粉蜂多样性下降。本文综述了熊蜂主要病虫害的种类、危害和传播情况,以期有全面深入的认识,并提出对进口商业化熊蜂的管理措施,为我国本土熊蜂资源保护研究奠定基础。Due to their unique morphological characteristics and bionomics bumblebees play an important role in plant pollination. However, various pathogens such as parasites and fungi, have caused the diversity of bumblebees to decline sharply in many parts of the world in recent decades. The global commercial supply and application of the European bumblebee, Bombus terrestris, has intensified the spread of bumblebee pathogens and has led to this species becoming invasive in many places, resulting in a decline in local bee pollinators. This article reviews the types, hazards, and spread of the main bumblebee pathogens and parasites, and proposes management measures for imported commercial bumblebees, thereby laying a foundation for the protection of native Chinese bumblebees.

关 键 词：熊蜂 病虫害 危害 保护措施 

分 类 号：S895[农业科学—特种经济动物饲养]