管道式分离技术及其在油气行业混合介质分离中的应用  

Pipeline-type separation technology and its application in mixed media separation in oil and gas industry

作　　者：张军[1] 钟兴福[1] 林黎明[1] 蒋勇[2] ZHANG Jun;ZHONG Xingfu;LIN Liming;JIANG Yong(Institute of Mechanics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China;Changqing Oilfield Branch Machinery Manufacturing Plant,Xi'an 710201,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院力学研究所,北京100190 [2]长庆油田分公司机械制造总厂,西安710201

出　　处：《环境工程学报》2021年第3期782-790,共9页Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering

摘　　要：油气开采过程中会产生大量油、气、水、砂等两种或多种介质共存的混合液,混合介质的非均相分离是原油开采、炼制过程中重要的工艺单元。管道分离技术及装备以离心等动态分离为主要分离方式。通过离心、重力、膨胀、气浮等分离作用及其复合强化,开发出螺旋管、T型管、旋流管、管式聚结器、旋流气浮管等系列核心设备。大量工程应用实践显示,管道分离技术具有工艺模块化设计、应用灵活、占地小、分离效率高等优点,可适用于油气水分离、液固分离、除砂洗砂等不同场景需求,对于油气田老旧站扩容或升级改造,具有较好的技术经济优势和广阔的应用前景。Large amounts of oil,gas,water,sand and mixed liquids are generated in the process of oil and gas production.The heterogeneous separation of mixed media is an important process unit in crude oil mining and refining.Pipeline-type separation technology and equipment use dynamic separation such as centrifugation as the main separation method.A series of core equipment such as spiral tubes,T-tubes,cyclones,tubular coalescers,and cyclonic air flotation tubes have been developed based on centrifugation,gravity,expansion,air flotation and other separation mechanisms and their compound enhancement.A large number of engineering application practices demonstrate that the pipeline-type separation technology has the advantages of modular design,flexible for application,low footprint,high separation efficiency,etc.It can be applied to different scenarios such as oil-gas-water separation,liquid-solid separation,sand removal,sand washing,etc.It has good technical and economic advantages and broad application prospects for the expansion or upgrade of old stations in oil and gas fields.

关 键 词：油气水混合液 液固 气固 多相分离 管道分离 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]