HPHT合成宝石级金刚石触媒对品质的影响——以国内三家公司近年合成金刚石为例  

The catalysts of synthetic gem-quality HPHT diamonds and their impact on diamond quality:A case study of synthetic diamonds from three Chinese companies

作　　者：马瑛 庄郁晴 丘志力 邓小芹 陆太进 林培军[4] 赖舒琪 MA Ying;ZHUANG Yuqing;QIU Zhili;DENG Xiaoqin;LU Taijin;LIN Peijun;LAI Shuqi(School of Earth Scicences and Engineering/Key Laboratory of Geodynamic and Geological Hazards/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Geological Process and Mineral Resources Exploration,Sun Yat-sen University,Zhuhai 519082,China;National Gems&Jewelry Technology Administrative Center,Beijing 100013,China;Guangxi Key Laboratory of Exploration for Hidden Metallic Ore Deposits/College of Earth Sciences,Guilin University of Technology,Guilin 541006,China;The Testing Center of Shandong Bureau of China Metallurgy and Geology,Jinan 250014,China)

机构地区：[1]中山大学地球科学与工程学院/广东省地球动力作用与地质灾害重点实验室/广东省地质过程与矿产资源探查重点实验室,广东珠海519082 [2]自然资源部珠宝玉石首饰管理中心,北京100013 [3]广西隐伏金属矿产勘查重点实验室/桂林理工大学地球科学学院,广西桂林541006 [4]中国冶金地质总局山东局测试中心,山东济南250014

出　　处：《中山大学学报（自然科学版）》2021年第3期68-77,共10页Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Sunyatseni

基　　金：国家自然基金(42073008,41473030)。

摘　　要：HPHT合成宝石级金刚石是重要的宝石和高新技术材料,合成过程中必要的触媒是影响金刚石产品品质的关键性材料,也是反演天然金刚石形成环境与机制的重要线索。本文收集了我国三家主流HPHT合成金刚石厂家(分别用HH,Z,J表示)的218颗金刚石样品,对其形貌特点、光谱学特征进行了分析对比。选择其中9颗可以探索其合成触媒成分的样品,进一步对其触媒诱导杂质成分与金刚石关系进行了分析,以揭示国内最新合成HPHT宝石级金刚石合成过程触媒的改变对合成金刚石品质可能产生的影响。结果表明:1)宝石级金刚石无色样品触媒含有的金属元素主要为Fe、Co,黄色样品的触媒元素主要为Ni、Mn、Co,推测主要除氮剂为Ti、Al、Cu等元素;2)触媒中单一非金属杂质元素的加入使HPHT合成宝石级金刚石中更容易出现包裹体,晶体表面容易形成三角凹坑等缺陷,非金属元素触媒的配对加入对金刚石晶体的品质提高具有一定的促进作用;3)Fe-Co触媒体系相较Fe-Ni体系更适合HPHT合成Ⅱa型宝石级金刚石,Co代替Ni能够减少晶体中与Ni相关的缺陷,提高合成金刚石的色级。研究结果对于反演天然金刚石形成环境以及HPHT合成宝石级金刚石的鉴定具有一定的启示作用。Synthetic HPHT gem-quality diamond is an important high-tech material.The necessary catalyst in its growing process controls the product quality and also contains important clues to track the forming environment and mechanism of natural diamond.In this paper,We collected 218 gem-quality diamond samples,which came from three major manufacturers of high temperature and high pressure(HPHT)diamond in China(denoted by HH,Z,J,respectively),and compared their morphological and spectroscopic characteristics.Among which,nine specific samples were selected to explore the synthetic catalyst components by analyzing the effects of catalyst-caused impurity,for the purpose to reveal the influence of catalyst change on the synthetic diamond during the growing process of the state-of-theart of gem-quality HPHT diamond producing in China.The results are summarized into three aspects:1)The catalysts of the colorless gem-quality HPHT diamonds mainly contain metal elements of Fe and Co,while those of the yellow diamond mainly contain metal elements of Ni,Mn and Co,indicating that the main nitrogen remover maybe Ti,Al and Cu elements.2)Adding a single non-metallic element into the catalyst makes more inclusions in the HPHT diamond with triangle pits and defects on crystal surface.The synergistic doping of nonmetallic catalyst can improve the quality of diamond crystal.3)Fe-Co system is more suitable for growingⅡa type gem-quality diamonds than Fe-Ni system;Co replacing Ni can reduce the Ni-related defects in crystals and improve the color grade of synthetic diamonds.These results have significance for tracking the forming environment of natural diamond and the identification of synthetic gem-quality HPHT diamond.

关 键 词：HPHT合成金刚石 触媒 生长环境 品质影响 

分 类 号：TQ163[化学工程—高温制品工业]