2019年山东省首起D8基因型麻疹暴发疫情调查  

The first measles outbreak caused by genotype D8 measles virus in Shandong province,2019

作　　者：刘晓冬[1] 王素婷[1] 刘爱国[2] 王常银[1] 刘尧[1] 熊萍[1] 徐爱强[1] 许青[1] Liu Xiaodong;Wang Suting;Liu Aiguo;Wang Changyin;Liu Yao;Xiong Ping;Xu Aiqiang;Xu Qing(Shandong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Jinan 250014,Shandong,China;Dongying Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Dongying 257000,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省疾病预防控制中心,山东济南250014 [2]东营市疾病预防控制中心,山东东营257000

出　　处：《中国疫苗和免疫》2021年第2期164-168,共5页Chinese Journal of Vaccines and Immunization

基　　金：山东省泰山学者岗位支持项目(TS201511105)。

摘　　要：目的鉴定山东省首起麻疹病毒(Measles virus,MV)D8基因型暴发疫情,分析其传播链。方法对2019年3月30日-7月17日1起麻疹暴发疫情进行流行病学调查,采集病例急性期血清和咽拭子标本,进行MV IgM抗体检测、核酸检测、分离培养和核苷酸序列测定,分析MV基因型和传播链。结果该起暴发共发生22例25-67岁麻疹病例,波及3个市6个区县,均无麻疹疫苗免疫史或免疫史不详,21例血清MV IgM阳性,19例MV核酸检测或分离培养阳性。该19株MV与山东省青岛市2018年1例输入性D8基因型、2019年日本D8基因型的核苷酸同源性分别为97.7%-98.6%、98.4%-99.7%。10例病例为院内感染,4病例为非院内感染,8例病例(包括首例病例)传播链不明确。结论该起成人麻疹持续传播由非本土的D8基因型MV引起;需重视成人麻疹的免疫预防。Objective To characterize the first genotype D8 measles virus(MV) outbreak in Shandong province and describe its transmission.Methods We investigated a measles outbreak that lasted from March 30 to July 17, 2019;we obtained blood and throat swab specimens from measles cases during their acute phases for MV IgM antibody and nucleic acid detection, MV isolation, and nucleotide sequencing. We determined the MV genotype and investigated transmission of the outbreak.Results The outbreak had 22 measles cases in six districts/counties of three prefectures, with ages ranging from 25 to 67 years. All cases had either no or unknown measles immunization histories. Twenty-one cases were positive to MV IgM, and 19 were positive to MV nucleic acid or had successful MV isolation, allowing for sequencing. Nucleotide sequences of the 19 strains were 97.7%-98.6% and 98.4%-99.7% homologous with an imported D8 genotype in Qingdao city of Shandong in 2018 and a Japanese D8 genotype in 2019. Ten cases were nosocomial infections and 4 were non-nosocomial infections;transmission chain(s) of 8 cases(including the first case) were unclear.Conclusions A non-indigenous D8 genotype MV caused a measles outbreak associated with continuous MV transmission among adults. We should emphasize measles immunization of adults.

关 键 词：麻疹 麻疹病毒 D8基因型 暴发 

分 类 号：R511.1[医药卫生—内科学]