广州市乙型肝炎表面抗原阳性家庭乙型肝炎感染和乙型肝炎相关知识与行为调查  

Hepatitis B infection and hepatitis B knowledge and behavior among families with hepatitis B surface antigen positive individuals in Guangzhou

作　　者：黄勇[1] 王雯 张春焕[1] 许建雄[1] 张周斌[1] Huang Yong;Wang Wen;Zhang Chunhuan;Xu Jianxiong;Zhang Zhoubin(Guangzhou Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Guangzhou 510440,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]广州市疾病预防控制中心,广东广州510440

出　　处：《中国疫苗和免疫》2021年第2期187-190,共4页Chinese Journal of Vaccines and Immunization

基　　金：广州市科技项目(201804010191);广州市卫生健康科技项目(20201A011056)。

摘　　要：目的了解广州市乙型肝炎(乙肝)表面抗原(HBsAg)阳性家庭乙肝病毒(HBV)感染和乙肝相关知识与行为。方法选择2018年广州市乙肝血清学调查发现的1-59岁HBsAg阳性者家庭,开展家庭成员问卷调查,检测血清HBV标志物,分析家庭HBV感染状况和乙肝知识知晓率与行为。结果57名HBsAg阳性者的全部198名家庭成员进行了HBV标志物检测,其中82.5%的家庭有≥2名成员HBV感染(对HBsAg、HBeAg、HBeAb和HBcAb任何一项阳性),22.8%的家庭有≥2名成员HBsAg阳性;在这些家庭成员中HBV感染率、HBsAg阳性率、HBsAb阳性率、HBV易感率分别为60.1%、35.4%、55.6%、10.1%。在130名HBsAg阳性者的240名≥18岁家庭成员中,乙肝知识总知晓率为52.2%,五项HBV标志物检测率为43.8%,乙肝疫苗接种率为28.3%。在已知自身HBsAg阳性者中去医院检查或治疗的比例为52.4%(44/84)。结论HBsAg阳性者家庭的HBV感染具有明显聚集性;家庭成员HBV感染率高,缺乏正确的乙肝相关知识和行为。需加强HBsAg阳性家庭乙肝筛查和健康教育以促进健康行为转变。Objective To determine hepatitis B virus(HBV) infection rates and hepatitis B knowledge and behavior of families with hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg) positive individuals in Guangzhou.Methods We recruited families of HBsAg-positive 1-59-year-olds who had been determined to be seropositive through a hepatitis B serological survey in Guangzhou in 2018. We conducted a questionnaire-based follow-up survey concerning hepatitis B knowledge and behavior;we tested sera of family members for HBV markers to determine HBV infection rates.Results All 198 family members of 57 HBsAg-positive individuals agreed to be tested for HBV markers;among these families, 82.5% had 2 or more members considered HBV-infected(positive to at least one of the following markers: HBsAg, HBeAg, HBeAb, or HBcAb);22.8% had 2 or more members positive for HBsAg. HBV infection, HBsAg positivity, HBsAb positivity, and HBV susceptibility rates of these family members were 60.1%, 35.4%, 55.6%, and 10.1%. Among 240 family members over 18 years old of 130 HBsAg-positive individuals, 52.2% were knowledgeable about hepatitis B, the detection rate of five HBV markers was 43.8%, and their hepatitis B vaccination coverage was 28.3%. Among individuals who knew their own HBsAg positivity status, 52.4%(44/84) had been to a hospital for examination or treatment.Conclusions HBV infection clustered in HBsAg-positive families;family members had a high rate of HBV infection and lacked adequate hepatitis B knowledge and some did not practice healthy behaviors. We should enhance hepatitis B screening and health education for HBsAg-positive families to promote healthy behaviors.

关 键 词：乙型肝炎 乙型肝炎病毒 乙型肝炎表面抗原 感染 聚集 知识 行为 家庭 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]