放牧羊群牧食行为的研究进展  

Advances in grazing behavior research of grazing sheep

作　　者：蔺相东 宣传忠[1] 刘艳秋 刘飞龙 张玉妮 LIN Xiangdong;XUAN Chuanzhong;LIU Yanqiu;LIU Feilong;ZHANG Yuni(College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering/Inner Mongolia Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Facilities in Grass and Livestock Breeding,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010018,China;College of Computer and Information Engineering,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010011,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学机电工程学院/内蒙古自治区草业与养殖业智能装备工程技术研究中心,呼和浩特010018 [2]内蒙古农业大学计算机与信息工程学院,呼和浩特010011

出　　处：《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2021年第7期30-33,共4页Heilongjiang Animal Science And veterinary Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31860666)。

摘　　要：放牧养羊是我国西部地区的重要畜牧业形式,主要采用天然草场放牧为主补饲为辅的方式,羊群牧食行为受植物组成、草地质量、牧草高度和放牧压等的影响。合理而科学的羊群放牧管理策略对维护草原生态系统平衡和肉羊养殖业的可持续发展起着重要作用。文章综述了放牧羊群在不同放牧压、环境、地形条件以及不同月份的牧食行为特征,总结了三轴加速度传感器、北斗/GPS卫星、压电传感器和音视频等智能化监测技术在羊群牧食行为监测方面的应用,并展望了羊群牧食行为监测技术的发展方向。Sheep grazing is an important form of animal husbandry in the western region of China, which mainly adopts natural grassland grazing as the main mode and supplemented by feeding. Sheep grazing behavior is affected by plant composition, grassland quality, grass height and grazing pressure. Reasonable and scientific sheep grazing management strategy plays an important role in maintaining the balance of the grassland ecosystem and the sustainable development of mutton sheep breeding industry. This article summarized the grazing behavior characteristics of grazing sheep under different grazing pressures, environmental, terrain conditions and different months. This paper summarized the application of intelligent monitoring technologies such as tri-axial accelerometer, BD/GPS satellite, piezoelectric sensor and audio/video monitoring, and prospected the development direction of sheep grazing behavior monitoring technology.

关 键 词：羊群 牧食行为 GPS监测 采食量 草畜平衡 

分 类 号：S818.9[农业科学—畜牧学] S826[农业科学—畜牧兽医]