新疆生产建设兵团养老机构老年人生命质量现状及其影响因素  

Quality of life and its associates among the elderly dwelling in pension institutions of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps

作　　者：吴娇健 钟小明 马利[2] 夏雪 刘贵珍 WU Jiao-jian;ZHONG Xiao-ming;MA Li(Department of Preventive Medicine,Medical College,Shihezi University,Shihezi,Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region 832000,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]石河子大学医学院预防医学系,新疆石河子832000 [2]石河子大学医学院第一附属医院

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2021年第4期728-732,共5页Chinese Journal of Public Health

基　　金：兵团科技支疆计划项目(2014AB042)。

摘　　要：目的了解新疆生产建设兵团养老机构老年人生命质量现状及其影响因素,为提高兵团老年人生命质量、制定养老政策提供理论依据。方法于2018年7月—2019年7月采用分层随机整群抽样方法在新疆生产建设兵团6家养老机构抽取225名老年人进行问卷调查。结果新疆生产建设兵团养老机构老年人的生命质量得分为(56.81±30.89)分,生理健康(PCS)和心理健康(MCS)得分分别为(48.37±25.93)和(66.50±21.68)分,生理功能(PF)、生理职能(RP)、躯体疼痛(BP)、总体健康(GH)、社会功能(SF)、精神健康(MH)、情感职能(RE)和活力(VT)得分分别为(43.00±33.59)、(43.00±48.39)、(54.87±32.78)、(52.63±20.92)、(61.63±26.39)、(73.97±19.03)、(63.11±45.94)和(67.27±20.09)分;多元线性逐步回归分析结果显示,月均收入较高和北疆地区的兵团养老机构老年人PCS和MCS状况均较好,文化程度较高的兵团养老机构老年人MCS状况亦较好,年龄较大和患慢性病数量较多的兵团养老机构老年人PCS和MCS状况均较差。结论新疆生产建设兵团养老机构老年人生命质量较差,年龄、文化程度、月均收入、地区和患慢性病数量是兵团养老机构老年人PCS和MCS的主要影响因素。Objective To examine the level and influencing factors of quality of life(QoL) among the elderly living in nursing homes of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps and to provide evidences for improving QoL of the elderly and developing old-age care policies. Methods We recruited 240 elderly people(≥ 60 years) at 6 old-age care institutions of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps with stratified random cluster sampling and conducted a face-to-face survey among the elderly from July 2018 to July 2019. The Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short Form Health Survey(SF-36)was adopted for assessment of QoL. Results For the 225 valid responders, the overall QoL score was 56.81 ± 30.89 and the scores of physical health(physical component summary, PCS) and mental health(mental component summary, MCS) were48.37 ± 25.93 and 66.50 ± 21.68;the responders′ QoL domain scores were 43.00 ± 33.59 for physical functioning(PF),43.00 ± 48.39 for role-physical(RP), 54.87 ± 32.78 for bodily pain(BP), 52.87 ± 32.78 for generall health(GH), 61.63 ±20.92 for social functioning(SF), 73.97 ± 19.03 for mental health(MH), 63.11 ± 45.94 for role-emotional(RE), and 67.27 ±20.09 for vitality(VT), respectively. The results of stepwise multivariate linear regression analysis demonstrated that the elderly′ PCS and MCS score were positively correlated with average monthly income and the MCS score was positively associated with education level;whereas, elderly′ PCS and MCS score were inversely correlated with age and the number of chronic diseases suffered from. Conclusion The quality of life is poor among the pension institution-dwelling elderly in Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps and the elderly′ s physical and mental health are mainly influenced by age,education, monthly average income, residence region and the number of chronic diseases suffered.

关 键 词：生命质量 影响因素 老年人 养老机构 

分 类 号：R161.7[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]