湖南省传统村落空间格局及其影响因素研究  

Study on spatial pattern and influencing factors of traditional villages in Hunan province

作　　者：李博 杨波[1,3] 陶前辉[1] 左青 吴丽平 高航 刘雨先 李伟 LI Bo;YANG Bo;TAO Qianhui;ZUO Qing;WU Liping;GAO Hang;LIU Yuxian;LI Wei(College of Resources and Environmental Sciences,Hunan Normal University,Changsha 410081,China;Jingyang District Real Estate Registration Center of Deyang City,Deyang,Sichuan 618000,China;Hunan Key Laboratory of Geospatial Big Data Mining and Application,Hunan Normal University,Changsha 410081,China;Jingyang District Land Consolidation and Reserve Center of Deyang City,Deyang,Sichuan 618000,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南师范大学资源与环境科学学院,长沙410081 [2]德阳市旌阳区不动产登记中心,四川德阳618000 [3]湖南师范大学地理空间大数据挖掘与应用湖南省重点实验室,长沙410081 [4]德阳市旌阳区土地储备整理中心,四川德阳618000

出　　处：《测绘科学》2021年第4期150-157,共8页Science of Surveying and Mapping

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41171342);湖南省教育厅重点项目(17A127)。

摘　　要：针对湖南省国家级传统村落空间格局的研究较少。为保护和发展传统村落,该文以湖南省658个中国传统村落为研究对象,综合运用最邻近指数、变异系数、地理集中指数、不平衡指数、网格维数、核密度估计和全局莫兰指数等空间分析和计量地理学方法,对湖南省传统村落的空间格局及其影响因素进行研究。结果表明:湖南省传统村落呈集聚型分布,空间分布不均衡,空间差异较大,主要集中在湘西、怀化、郴州、永州、邵阳等5个市州;传统村落分形特征明显,且分形特征较为复杂,在自组织演化过程中呈现出多中心集聚特征;传统村落的高密度集聚区主要分布于3个片区:武陵山区、雪峰山区和湘南山区;传统村落空间分布全局莫兰指数为0.575,存在显著的空间正相关性;湖南省传统村落空间格局主要受到地形地貌、河流水系、气候条件等自然因素的影响,同时与社会经济、交通条件和中心城市等人文因素密切相关。There were few researches on the spatial pattern of national traditional villages in Hunan province. In order to protect and develop traditional villages in a reasonable manner, taking 658 Chinese traditional villages in Hunan province as the research object, this paper explored the spatial pattern and influencing factors of traditional villages in Hunan province with the help of spatial analysis and quantitative geography methods such as the nearest neighbor index, coefficient of variation, geographic concentration index, unbalanced index, grid dimension, kernel density estimation and global Moran’s index.The results showed that traditional villages of Hunan province presented a gathering distribution in space and the spatial distribution is uneven.The regional difference of spatial distribution of the traditional villages was very obvious and the traditional villages were mainly concentrated in five cities,namely Xiangxi, Huaihua, Chengzhou,Yongzhou and Shaoyang.The traditional villages had obvious fractal characteristics and the fractal structure is complex.In other words,the traditional villages showed the characteristics of multi-center clustering in the process of self-organization evolution.The high-density agglomeration areas of the traditional villages were distributed in the following three areas:Wuling mountain area,Xuefeng mountain area and the mountainous area of southern Hunan.The global Moran’s index of the spatial distribution of traditional villages in Hunan province was 0.575,which meant that there was a marked positive spatial autocorrelation.Additionally,the spatial pattern of traditional villages in Hunan province was mainly affected by natural factors such as landform and physiognomy,hydrographic network and climatic conditions and it had a significant correlation with humanistic factors such as social economy,traffic conditions,and central cities.

关 键 词：传统村落 空间格局 影响因素 湖南省 

分 类 号：P208.2[天文地球—地图制图学与地理信息工程]