铜冶炼渣综合利用进展  

Progress in Comprehensive Utilization of Copper Smelting Slag

作　　者：李小凡 豆志河[1] 张廷安[1] 刘燕[1] LI Xiao-fan;DOU Zhi-he;ZHANG Ting-an;LIU Yan(Key Laboratory of Ecological Utilization of Multimetallic Mineral,Ministry of Education,Northeastern University,Shenyang 110819,China)

机构地区：[1]东北大学多金属共生矿生态化冶金教育部重点实验室,沈阳110819

出　　处：《有色金属（冶炼部分）》2021年第4期108-118,共11页Nonferrous Metals（Extractive Metallurgy)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金云南联合基金重点项目(U1702253)。

摘　　要：系统总结了近年来铜渣综合利用的最新研究成果,主要包括铜渣中有价金属单独提取、有价组元协同还原高值化转化、铜渣协同处置制备建筑材料以及铜渣在环保治理等方面的研究进展,梳理出铜渣综合利用存在的问题,并对其未来发展趋势进行了预测。目前,铜渣缓冷浮选贫化后,渣铜残留量可降至0.23%~0.26%,但选矿尾渣难以利用;传统火法贫化后渣中铜残留量仍在0.6%~1%以上,大量的铜仍未得到有效回收利用,需再次贫化;利用熔融铜渣适度涡流贫化—熔融原位还原制备含铜抗菌不锈钢/耐磨铸铁,联产水泥熟料,渣中铜残留量可降至0.27%左右,不仅实现了铜渣的无渣化资源化高值利用,同时有效利用了铜渣的余热,铜、铁、铅、锌的回收率分别为>98%、>95%、>90%、>95%,是未来最具发展潜力的铜渣大规模高值化资源化综合利用新技术。The latest research results in comprehensive utilization of copper slag in recent years were systematically summarized,including extraction of valuable metals,preparation of high value-added copper slag alloys,co-processing of copper slag to prepare building materials,and application of copper slag in environmental protection and progress of other fields.Problems in comprehensive utilization of copper slag were sorted out and future development was predicted.After flotation,residual amount of copper in depleted slag can be reduced to 0.23%—0.26%,but the beneficiation tailings cannot be used.Pyrolysis process can only effectively recover part of copper in copper slag,and copper residue in depleted slag is still 0.6%-1% above.Using molten copper smelting slag to moderately deplete-eddy current smelting reduction to prepare copper-containing antibacterial stainless steel/wear-resistant cast iron,and co-produce cement clinker,which not only realizes high-value utilization of copper slag without slag,but also effectively utilizes copper slag waste heat.Recovery of Cu,Fe,Pb,and Zn is >98%,>95%,>90%,and>95%,respectively.It is a new technology for comprehensive utilization of large-scale high-value copper slag resources with the most development potential in the future.

关 键 词：铜冶炼渣 二次资源 不锈钢 废气 废水 建筑材料 

分 类 号：X758[环境科学与工程—环境工程]