论非常规油气成藏机理:油气自封闭作用与分子间作用力  

The mechanism of unconventional hydrocarbon formation:Hydrocarbon self-containment and intermolecular forces

作　　者：贾承造 庞雄奇[2,3] 宋岩[2,4] JIA Chengzao;PANG Xiongqi;SONG Yan(China National Petroleum Corporation,Beijing 100724,China;State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Resources and Exploration,Beijing 102249,China;School of Earth Sciences,China University of Petroleum(Beijing),Beijing 102249,China;Institute of Unconventional Research,China University of Petroleum,Beijing 102249,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油天然气集团有限公司,北京100724 [2]油气资源与探测国家重点实验室,北京102249 [3]中国石油大学(北京)地球科学学院,北京102249 [4]中国石油大学非常规研究院,北京102249

出　　处：《石油勘探与开发》2021年第3期437-452,共16页Petroleum Exploration and Development

基　　金：陆相页岩油含气性演化特征与成因机制及可动油评价方法(41872148)。

摘　　要：非常规油气的成功开发大幅增加了全球油气资源、推动了全球油气产量增长,同时对经典石油天然气地质学理论形成了重大突破。常规油气成藏机理是以圈闭富集保存油气及浮力成藏为核心的,非常规油气则是以连续性聚集和非浮力成藏为特征。研究揭示,非常规油气成藏机理的核心是油气自封闭作用,其动力是分子间作用力。依据分子间作用力表现和相应自封闭作用,可将非常规油气成藏机制分为3类:①以大分子黏滞力和缩合力为主的稠油和沥青;②以毛管压力和分子吸附力为主的致密油气、页岩油气和煤层气;③以分子间笼合作用为主的天然气水合物。论文详细论述了5种类型非常规油气成藏自封闭作用特征、边界条件及地质实例,和分子间作用力的基本原理与数学表征。该项研究将深化对非常规油气成藏机理的理解,提升中国对非常规油气资源的预测评价能力,并有助于提高对非常规油气开发生产机理和潜在生产能力的认识。The successful development of unconventional hydrocarbons has significantly increased global hydrocarbon resources,promoted the growth of global hydrocarbon production and made a great breakthrough in classical oil and gas geology.The core mechanism of conventional hydrocarbon accumulation is the preservation of hydrocarbons by trap enrichment and buoyancy,while unconventional hydrocarbons are characterized by continuous accumulation and non-buoyancy accumulation.It is revealed that the key of formation mechanism of the unconventional reservoirs is the self-containment of hydrocarbons driven by intermolecular forces.Based on the behavior of intermolecular forces and the corresponding self-containment,the formation mechanisms of unconventional oil and gas can be classified into three categories:(1)thick oil and bitumen,which are dominated by large molecular viscous force and condensation force;(2)tight oil and gas,shale oil and gas and coal-bed methane,which are dominated by capillary forces and molecular adsorption;and(3)gas hydrate,which is dominated by intermolecular clathration.This study discusses in detail the characteristics,boundary conditions and geological examples of self-containment of the five types of unconventional resources,and the basic principles and mathematical characterization of intermolecular forces.This research will deepen the understanding of formation mechanisms of unconventional hydrocarbons,improve the ability to predict and evaluate unconventional oil and gas resources,and promote the development and production techniques and potential production capacity of unconventional oil and gas.

关 键 词：非常规油气 油气成藏机理 自封闭作用 分子间作用力 油气自封闭成藏模式 油气勘探开发 

分 类 号：TE122[石油与天然气工程—油气勘探]