1996-2015年大伙房水库水环境演变特征  

Evolution Characteristics of Aquatic Environment of Dahuofang Reservoir during 1996-2015

作　　者：王明浩[1,2] 段丽杰 王加攀[3] 吴坤 王永 WANG Minghao;DUAN Lijie;WANG Jiapan;WU Kun;WANG Yong(Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences,Beijing 100012,China;School of Environment,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;School of Mechanical Engineering,Tongji University,Shanghai 201804,China;Maoming Environmental Technology Center,Maoming 525000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国环境科学研究院,北京100012 [2]清华大学环境学院,北京100084 [3]同济大学机械与能源工程学院,上海201804 [4]茂名市环境技术中心,广东茂名525000

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2021年第1期100-107,共8页Environmental Science & Technology

摘　　要：水质恶化是水库水生态健康主要胁迫因子之一,准确地认识水环境演变特征是解决水环境问题的首要步骤。通过对位于抚顺市上游的大伙房水库长时间序列的水质变化和主要驱动因素研究,揭示其长时间尺度上的水质变化规律,为大伙房水库环境污染控制与治理提供参考。基于大伙房水库1996-2015年水质监测数据,采用Mann-Kendall趋势检验法和相关性分析法分析了ρ(高锰酸盐指数)、ρ(TN)、ρ(TP)和ρ(Chl a)的年际和年内变化趋势,以及引起4项指标变化的主要环境因素。分析结果表明:1996-2015年大伙房水库库区水质主要指标高锰酸盐指数、TN、TP、Chl a浓度时间序列的线性回归趋势斜率估计分别为-0.03、0.06、0.0004、-0.14,Mann-Kendall检验斜率估计分别为-0.02、0.06、0.000、-0.15,2个趋势检验结果一致。ρ(Chl a)呈现显著下降趋势,ρ(TN)呈现显著升高趋势,ρ(高锰酸盐指数)、ρ(TP)无明显的变化趋势。从年内变化来看,ρ(高锰酸盐指数)、ρ(TN)、ρ(TP)和ρ(Chl a)月份之间有明显的差异。研究显示:ρ(Chl a)年内变化的主要影响因素为季节温度的变化,出现明显的季节性质量浓度周期变化规律;ρ(高锰酸盐指数)和ρ(TP)主要影响因素为大伙房水库流域内的地表径流量;ρ(TN)主要受耕地化肥消费和流域内径流量的影响。Water quality deterioration is one of the major stress factors to the ecological health of a reservoir.On the other hand,good cognition of the water environmental evolution characteristics is the primary step for us to address the aquatic environment problems.In this paper,Dahuofang Reservoir,located near Fushun City,was selected as the research objective for the long-sequential water quality change and the driving factors;it is expected that the research would offer references for the environmental pollution control and management of the Reservoir.The water quality monitoring data of the Reservoir were collected,including a total of the data of 20 years(1996 to 2015),which reflected the present water quality status.Then the Mann-Kendall statistical method and correlation analysis were used to analyse the annual and inter-annual variation of the concentrations of four major water quality indicators,including permanganate index,TN,TP,and Chl a(chlorophyll-a).Results of the research showed that during the period of 20 years the linear regression trend slope estimates,in terms of the above four indicators,were-0.03,0.06,0.0004,and-0.14,respectively;and the slope estimates of Mann-Kendall verification were-0.02,0.06,0.000,and-0.15,respectively.So the results of the two trends analysis were almost consistent.It could be found that concentrations of Chl a appeared a significant downward trend,while the concentration of TN trended upward,but permanganate index and TP concentrations did not show any obvious change.Furthermore,there existed notable monthly differences in terms of changing trends of the above four water quality indicators,which in fact were affected by different influencing factors,i.e,the annual variation ofρ(Chl a)was mainly caused by seasonal change of water temperature;ρ(permanganate index)andρ(TP)were mostly affected by the surface runoff within the catchment;andρ(TN)was mainly affected by the chemical fertilizer consumption in the farm land and the surface runoff within the catchment.

关 键 词：大伙房水库 水质变化 趋势检验 影响因素 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程]