甘肃省平凉市外地输入性新型冠状病毒肺炎致一起家庭聚集性疫情的调查分析  

Investigation and analysis of a imported family cluster coronavirus disease 2019 case in Pingliang City of Gansu Province

作　　者：姬新芬 JI Xin-fen(Emergency Management Section for Public Health Emergencies,Pingliang Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Gansu Province,Pingliang 744000,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省平凉市疾病预防控制中心突发公共卫生事件应急管理科,744000

出　　处：《结核与肺部疾病杂志》2021年第1期58-61,共4页Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease

摘　　要：目的对外地输入性新型冠状病毒肺炎(简称"新冠肺炎")致一起家庭聚集性疫情进行调查分析,为疫情防控提供参考。方法对2020年2月4日甘肃省平凉市华亭市1例疑似新冠肺炎男性患者(首报告患者)及其相关密切接触者进行流行病学追踪调查、医学隔离治疗或观察,以及采集咽拭子标本进行新型冠状病毒核酸检测(实时荧光定量逆转录PCR法)。结果通过调查锁定40名密切接触者;首报告患者于2月7日确诊,并从密切接触者中陆续发现6例确诊患者,分别为该报告患者的母亲、妻子、二姐及其小女儿(1月26日返乡人员)、大姐、岳父。最终确定该起家庭聚集性疫情是由武汉市返兴平市确诊患者传染给返乡幼儿的姑母吴某,再由吴某传染给返乡人员引起。返乡人员与其他5例患者频繁聚餐和同宿是引发此次疫情的主要原因。该家庭聚集性疫情共产生三代病例,总续发率为17.1%(7/41),二代续发率为35.7%(5/14),三代续发率为3.7%(1/27)。结论此次疫情为外地输入性新冠肺炎患者引起的家庭聚集性疫情。疫情期间应减少聚会、避免密切接触;对患者及其密切接触者及时启动流行病学调查、隔离及病毒核酸检测,可快速阻断传播链和及时确诊。Objective To investigate and analyze a family-cluster case caused by imported coronavirus disease2019(COVID-19)from abroad and provide evidence for its prevention and control. Methods We conducted epidemiological investigation,medical isolation and observation on a male patient with suspected COVID-19(index patient,got suspected on February 4,2020)and his close contacts in Huating,Pingliang City of Gansu Province.Their throat swabs were collected for nucleic acid test of SARS-CoV2(real-time PCR). Results A total of40 close contacts were identified through the investigation.The index patient was diagnosed on February 7,and then 6 confirmed patients were discovered from his close contacts:his mother,wife,second eldest sister and little daughter who returned home on January 26,and his eldest sister as well as his father-in-law.This family cluster case was finally deemed to be caused by a confirmed patient returning to Xingping City from Wuhan City to the aunt(Mrs Wu)of the returning child,and then from Mrs Wu to the other returnees.Frequent gathering meals and overnight stays with the index patient and the other 5 close contacts were the main reasons for this cluster outbreak.Three generations of cases were generated in this family cluster.The total secondary attack rate was 17.1%(7/41),and the second-generation secondary attack rate was 35.7%(5/14)while the third-generation secondary attack rate was 3.7%(1/27). Conclusion This epidemic was a family cluster case caused by imported COVID-19 patients from outside the current city.During the COVID-19 spreading period,gatherings should be reduced and close contact should be avoided.In addition,epidemiological investigations,isolation and nucleic acid testing of patients and their close contacts should be initiated timely which can quickly break the chain of transmission and confirm the diagnosis promptly.

关 键 词：新型冠状病毒肺炎 疾病暴发流行 接触者追踪 疾病影响状态调查 

分 类 号：R563.1[医药卫生—呼吸系统] R181.81[医药卫生—内科学]