山东省≥18岁居民生命质量现状及其影响因素分析  

Quality of life and its impact factors among adult residents in Shandong province, 2015: a cross-sectional survey

作　　者：胡丽丽[1] 陈旭[1] 米国琳[1] 陈修哲[1] 王延祜[1] 程小菁[1] 王灿[1] 张敬悬[1] 王汝展[1] HU Li-li;CHEN Xu;MI Guo-lin(Department of Public Health,Shandong Provincial Mental Health Center,Ji'nan,Shandong Province 250012,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省精神卫生中心公共卫生部,山东济南250012

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2021年第3期470-474,共5页Chinese Journal of Public Health

摘　　要：目的了解山东省≥18岁居民生命质量现状及其影响因素,为提高该地区居民生命质量提供参考依据。方法于2015年10—12月采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法在山东省抽取54个县(市、区)98个街道(乡镇)的27 531名≥18岁居民进行问卷调查。结果山东省≥18岁居民简易生命质量问卷中躯体状况、心理状况、经济状况、工作状况、家人关系和他人关系6个条目得分分别为(3.71±0.76)、(3.83±0.69)、(3.34±0.69)、(3.55±0.69)、(4.13±0.58)和(4.13±0.60)分,30分制和100分制总分分别为(22.70±2.93)和(70.78±11.71)分;27 531名≥18岁居民中,生命质量低者6 191人(22.49%),生命质量中等者9 543人(34.66%),生命质量高者11 797人(42.85%);多因素ordinal回归分析结果显示,女性、受教育年限≥7年、已婚、离退休/病退人员、学生和医疗来源为商业保险的山东省≥18岁居民生命质量较高,年龄≥31岁、离异/分居、丧偶、无业/失业人员、有宗教信仰和农村地区的山东省≥18岁居民生命质量较低。结论山东省≥18岁居民总体生命质量较好,性别、城乡、年龄、受教育年限、婚姻状况、职业、宗教信仰和医疗来源是该地区居民生命质量的主要影响因素。Objective To investigate the quality of life(QoL) and its influencing factors among adult residents in Shandong province and to provide evidences for improving QoL of the population. Methods We conducted a household survey among 28 000 residents aged ≥ 18 years recruited at 98 urban and rural communities in 54 counties/districts in Shandong province with stratified multi-stage cluster random sampling from October to December 2015. A brief scale was used to evaluate the QoL of the participants. Results For the 27 531 valid respondents, the total QoL score was 22.70 ± 2.93 and 70.78 ± 11.71 out of a full marks of 30 and 100;the QoL domain scores were 3.71 ± 0.76 for physical health, 3.83 ± 0.69 for psychological health, 3.34 ± 0.69 for economic circumstances, 3.55 ± 0.69 for working situation, 4.13 ± 0.58 for family relationships, and 4.13 ± 0.60 for relationships with non-family associates, respectively. The proportions of the respondents assessed as with low, medium, and high QoL were 22.49%(6 191), 34.66%(9 543), and 42.85%(11 797). Multivariate ordinal regression analysis demonstrated that the respondents being female, having school years of 7 and more, married,being retired or retired due to illness, being student, and participating in commercial medical insurance were likely to have a high QoL;while, those with following characteristics were likely to have a low QoL: aged ≥ 31 years, divorced/separated,widowed, unemployed, with religious belief, and living in rural regions. Conclusion The quality of life is generally good and mainly correlated with gender, residential region(rural or urban), age, school years, marital status, employment, religious belief, and type of medical insurance among adult residents in Shandong province.

关 键 词：生命质量 影响因素 ≥18岁居民 

分 类 号：R181.37[医药卫生—流行病学]