2015—2017年中国七省《出生医学证明》签发现状分析  

Issuance of birth certificate in seven provinces of China, 2015–2017: a cross-sectional survey

作　　者：张亚楠 赵莉[2] 高茵茵[1] 樊延军[1] ZHANG Ya-nan;ZHAO Li;GAO Yin-yin(Maternal and Child Health Center,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100081,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心妇幼保健中心,北京100081 [2]四川大学华西公共卫生学院/四川大学华西第四医院

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2021年第3期516-519,共4页Chinese Journal of Public Health

基　　金：国家卫生计生委–联合国儿童基金(YH–702&Health and Nutrition)。

摘　　要：目的了解中国7省《出生医学证明》签发及使用现状,分析证件使用中存在的问题,并提出针对性建议。方法于2018年9—10月,在专家咨询的基础上应用自行设计问卷对7家省级机构进行调查,收集2015—2017年中国7省《出生医学证明》证件管理(包括证件签发、换发、补发、废证等)信息数据,并进行统计分析。结果《出生医学证明》首次签发机构分布相对合理,落实了由助产机构直接签发的要求,公立一级医院2016、2017年占比分别为58.33%、57.89%;证件申领计划合理,2015—2017年申领使用比分别为1.26、0.96、0.99;证件签发及时性逐渐改善,首次签发率由70.29%增至88.78%;补发率由0.75%增至1.09%,换发率由0.70%增至0.93%,但均在1%左右;废证率分别为0.66%、0.58%、0.42%,呈逐年下降趋势。结论 2015—2017年7省《出生医学证明》证件签发及使用情况较好;证件首次签发机构以公立一级医院为主,证件签发及时性逐渐改善,且换发率、补发率、废证率均多控制在1%以内;因纸质制发模式形成的空白证件的积压或短缺、废证情形及盗窃等问题则无法完全避免。Objective To examine the issuance and management of birth certificate in seven provinces of China for providing suggestions of improvement. Methods Using a self-designed questionnaire based on expert consultation, we conducted a survey among seven provincial-level administrative departments during September–October 2018 to collect information on issuance, replacement, reissue and invalidation of birth certificate. Results The requirement for direct issuance of birth certificate by midwifery agencies was implemented in all the provinces and for two of the provinces,58.33% and 57.89% of all initial birth certificates were issued by primary public medical institutions in 2016 and 2017,respectively. The annual ratios of estimated number of birth certificates to be issued versus that of actually issued were 1.26,0.96, and 0.99 in 2015, 2016, and 2017, respectively. The timeliness of the issuance was gradually improved, with an increased ratio from 70.29% to 88.78% for the initial birth certificate issuance;both the ratios of birth certificates reissued and replaced were increased from 0.75% to 1.09% and from 0.70% to 0.93%;but the ratio of the birth certificates being invalidated was decreased from 0.66% to 0.42% during the three year period. Conclusion The regulation on issuance and management of birth certificate were well implemented during 2015–2017 in seven provinces across China.

关 键 词：出生医学证明 证件管理 证件签发 

分 类 号：R172[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]