缅甸拉咱市居民疟疾防治知识知晓情况调查  

A retrospective survey of malaria awareness among residents of the City of Laza,Myanmar

作　　者：张苍林[1] 王剑 邓艳[1] 吴静 周红宁[1] ZHANG Cang-lin;WANG Jian;DENG Yan;WUJing;ZHOU Hong-ning(Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Vector-borne Diseases Control and Research,Yunnan Provincial Center of Malaria Research,Yunnan Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Public Health and Disease Prevention and Control,Yunnan Institute of Parasitic Diseases Innovative Team of Key Techniques for Vector Borne Disease Control and Prevention(Developing),Expert Workstation of Professor Jiang Lubing,Yunnan Institute of Parasitic Diseases,Puer 665099,China;Yunnan Institute of Endemic Disease Control and Prevention)

机构地区：[1]云南省虫媒传染病防控研究重点实验室,云南省疟疾研究中心,云南公共卫生与疾病防控协同创新中心,云南省寄生虫病防治所虫媒传染病防控关键技术省创新团队(培育),普洱市江陆斌专家工作站,云南省寄生虫病防治所,云南普洱665099 [2]云南省地方病防治所

出　　处：《中国病原生物学杂志》2021年第2期198-202,共5页Journal of Pathogen Biology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.81160357,30960327,30660160);云南公共卫生与疾病防控协同创新中心项目(No.2014YNPHXT03)。

摘　　要：目的了解与中国接壤的缅甸拉咱市居民疟疾防治知识知晓情况,为当地制定疟疾健康教育措施提供依据。方法2009年在缅甸拉咱市设立调查点,以镜检为单一感染恶性疟原虫的患者为调查对象,进行疟疾诊治知识知晓情况问卷调查。应用SPSS 23.0分析疟疾知晓情况在年龄、文化程度和性别中的统计学差异及其与药效、临床疗效之间的关系。结果共收治感染恶性疟患者66例,符合疟疾知晓情况调查的56例,占84.85%(56/66),平均年龄24.1岁(14~58岁),男、女性比为3.3∶1,文化程度为小学、初中、高中和大学的分别为44.64%、39.29%、8.93%和7.14%,总体疟疾知晓率为28.57%(16/56);单一知识点知晓率为8.93%(5/56)~83.93%(47/56)。个人疟疾知识知晓率男性在年龄14~34岁中占90.70%(39/43),且知晓率为0和100%的均分布在14~24岁组,分别占6.98%(3/43)和4.65%(2/43);女性在年龄14~44岁中占92.31%(12/13),且知晓率为0的主要分布在14~24岁和34~44岁组,占15.38%(2/13)。男性小学和初中文化占86.05%(37/43),且疟疾知识知晓率为0的主要在小学和初中文化程度人群,占6.98%(3/43),识知晓率为100%的主要在小学和大学文化程度人群,占4.65%(2/43)。女性疟疾知识知晓率在小学、初中和高中分别为46.15%(6/13)、38.46%(5/13)和15.38%(2/13),且疟疾知识知晓率为0的主要在小学和初中文化程度人群,占15.38%(2/13),无疟疾知识知晓率达100%和大学学历者。SPSS统计分析显示,疟疾知识知晓情况在年龄、文化程度和性别中的分布均无统计学意义(P>0.05);患者疟疾知晓情况与药效、临床疗效之间也无相关性(P>0.05)。结论缅甸拉咱市居民对疟疾防治知识的知晓率较低,应加强防范患疟疾的意识或行为方面的培训。Objective To ascertain the awareness of malaria prevention and control in residents of the City of Laza in the China-Myanmar border area in order to provide a basis for the development of health education efforts to control malaria in the area.Methods A survey site was set up in the City of Laza,Myanmar in 2009.Patients with a P.falciparum monoinfection according to microscopy were surveyed regarding their awareness of malaria.All statistical analyses were performed with the software Statistical Package for Social Sciences(SPSS)version 23.0.Statistical differences in malaria awareness by age group,level of education,and gender were assessed using the Kruskal-Wallis test.The Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient test was used to determine the relationship between malaria awareness and the efficacy or clinical efficacy of antimalarials.Results A total of 66 patients with a P.falciparum monoinfection were identified with microscopy.Fifty-six(84.85%)of those patients were surveyed.Respondents had an average age of 24.1 years(range:14-58 years).The ratio of male to female respondents was 3.3:1.Forty-four-point-six-four percent of respondents had completed elementary school,39.29%had completed middle school,8.93%had completed high school,and 7.14%had completed university.The overall level of malaria awareness was 28.57%(16/56)among respondents;83.93%of respondents(47/56)were aware of the typical clinical manifestations of malaria,66.07%(37/56)were aware of what to do if one contracted malaria,26.79%(15/56)were aware that malaria is transmitted by mosquitoes,23.21%(13/56)were familiar with antimalarials,and 8.93%(5/56)were aware of how to prevent malaria.Awareness of malaria was higher among males(39/43,90.70%)in younger age groups(14-34 years)than in the other age groups.In the age group 14-24 years of age,6.98%(3/43)of males had 0%awareness of malaria and 4.65%(2/43)had 100%awareness.Awareness of malaria was higher among females(92.31%)in younger age groups(14-44 years of age)than in the age group≥44 years of ag

关 键 词：疟疾 疟原虫 恶性 调查 疟疾知晓率 拉咱市 缅甸 

分 类 号：R531.3[医药卫生—内科学]