老年失智症家庭照顾者管理策略现状及影响因素分析  

Dementia management strategies and its influencing factors among family caregivers of elderly dementia patients

作　　者：陈圆圆 董路嘎 吴月瑛[1] 沈勤[3] 练亚芬[4] Chen Yuanyuan;Dong Luga;Wu Yueying;Shen Qin;Lian Yafen(Department of Emergency Medicine,Lishui People′s Hospital,Lishui 323000,China)

机构地区：[1]丽水市人民医院急诊医学科,浙江丽水323000 [2]丽水市人民医院康复医学科 [3]浙江中医药大学护理学院 [4]杭州市第七人民医院护理部

出　　处：《护理学杂志》2021年第9期87-91,共5页Journal of Nursing Science

基　　金：2019年浙江省医药卫生科技计划项目(2019KY112)。

摘　　要：目的了解老年失智症家庭照顾者管理策略现状并探讨其影响因素,为针对性地开展老年失智症家庭照顾者管理策略指导提供参考。方法以便利抽样法选取老年失智症家庭照顾者202人,采用一般资料调查表、失智症管理策略量表、照顾者积极感受量表、照顾者哀伤量表和社会支持评定量表进行问卷调查。结果家庭照顾者的失智症管理策略各维度得分分别为积极管理(43.34±8.98)分,鼓励/支持(33.98±10.00)分,批评(28.03±12.64)分。家庭照顾者文化程度、疾病知识了解程度、哀伤和积极感受是批评维度的影响因素;家庭照顾者文化程度、与患者关系和积极感受是鼓励/支持维度的影响因素;失智症照顾经验、哀伤、积极感受和社会支持是积极管理维度的影响因素(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论老年失智症家庭照顾者管理策略以积极管理和鼓励/支持为主,较少采用批评。医护人员需重视老年失智症家庭照顾者管理策略现状,充分利用家庭-社会支持系统,为家庭照顾者提供家庭管理培训,以形成健康的家庭管理策略。Objective To understand the current status of dementia management strategies among family caregivers of elderly dementia patients, and to explore its influencing factors, so as to provide reference for conducting targeted guidance.Methods A total of 202 family caregivers of elderly dementia patients were selected by convenient sampling, then they were investigated utilizing a general information form, the Dementia Management Strategies Scale(DMSS), the Positive Aspects of Caregiving(PAC), the Marwit Meuse Caregiver Grief Inventory-Short Form(MM-CGI-SF) and the Social Support Rating Scale(SSRS).Results The subscale scores of DMSS were active management(43.34±8.98), encouragement/support(33.98±10.00) and criticism(28.03±12.64)respectively. The family caregivers′ educational background, awareness of disease knowledge, the score of MM-CGI-SF and PAC were the influencing factors of criticism subscale, the family caregivers′ educational background, relationship with the dementia patient and the score of PAC were the influencing factors of encouragement/support subscale, dementia caregiving experience, the score of MM-CGI-SF, PAC and SSRS were the influencing factors of active management subscale(P<0.05,P<0.01).Conclusion Family caregivers of elderly dementia patients are prone to use the dementia management strategies of active management and encouragement/support, they seldom utilize criticism. Medical staff should pay attention to the dementia management strategies in family caregivers of elderly dementia patients, make full use of the family social support system, and provide family management training for the caregivers, so as to develop healthy family management strategies.

关 键 词：老年失智症 家庭照顾者 管理策略 积极管理 积极感受 哀伤 社会支持 

分 类 号：R473.74[医药卫生—护理学]