城市公园总体满意度主要影响因素识别——基于不同年龄组使用者的分析  

Identification of Main Influencing Factors on Urban Park Overall Satisfaction:Based on Analysis of Users of Different Age Groups

作　　者：翟宇佳[1] 吴承照[2,3] ZHAI Yujia;WU Chengzhao(College of Architecture and Urban Planning(CAUP),Tongji University;College of Architecture and Urban Planning(CAUP),Tongji University and Key Laboratory of High Density Human Settlements and Ecological Energy Conservation,Ministry of National;Park and Nature Reserve Planning Research Center,Tongji University)

机构地区：[1]同济大学建筑与城市规划学院 [2]同济大学建筑与城市规划学院、高密度人居环境与生态节能教育部重点实验室 [3]同济大学国家公园及自然保护地规划研究中心

出　　处：《风景园林》2021年第5期57-62,共6页Landscape Architecture

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(编号2019YFD1100803)。

摘　　要：使用者对城市公园的满意度能影响公园使用及公园综合效益的发挥。本研究利用问卷调查青年人、中年人与老年人对上海15座城市公园中41项分项的满意度与总体满意度,利用线性回归模型与方差分析等方法,识别影响公园总体满意度的关键因素,并分析不同年龄组的差异。总体说来,老年人对公园设施与环境的要求更高,影响老年人公园总体满意度的因素最多;青年人更关注公园景色;中年人更关注公园设施。对于全体使用者,水面宽敞程度、公园总体卫生状况、总体噪声状况、广场拥挤状况、标识牌、园路整洁程度等因素能显著影响公园总体满意度。不同年龄组对园路长度、园路拥挤程度、广场上的座椅数量、广场拥挤程度等分项满意度差别较大。基于研究结论,建议城市公园在条件允许的情况下营造宽敞水面与宜人绿化环境,加强公园噪声分区管理与改善卫生状况,并加强免费儿童游戏设施、免费健身设施、餐厅/茶室、遮阳/避雨设施的配置。同时应在公园规划设计中考虑不同年龄使用者的需求。User satisfaction with urban parks can influence their park uses and the benefits they receive.This research investigates young adults,middle-aged adults and seniors on their satisfaction with 41 sub-items and their overall satisfaction of 15 urban parks in Shanghai,and utilizes linear regression model and ANOVA to identify the factors that influence park overall satisfaction,as well as exploring the differences between different age groups.Generally,seniors have much higher requirements towards park facilities and the environment,and have the most factors that influence their overall satisfaction.Young adults more care about park sceneries;middleaged adults more address park facilities.For all park users,the water surface spaciousness,overall cleanness,noise,square crowding,signboard,pathway cleanness and other factors can significantly influence the overall park satisfactions.Different age groups have different satisfaction toward the pathway length,pathway crowding,number of square benches,and square crowding.Based on the analysis results,this research proposes that urban parks should provide large water and beautiful greening if it is possible,enforce noise zoning management and maintenance,as well as providing enough free children’s playgrounds,outdoor fitness facilities,café/restaurants,shelters.The needs from different age groups should be considered in park planning and design.

关 键 词：城市公园 公园活动场地与设施 设计特征 不同年龄使用者 满意度 

分 类 号：TU986[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]