小龙虾脏壳粉替代菜籽粕对鲫鱼特定生长率、体成分及肝胰脏组织结构的影响  

Effect of replacement of rapeseed meal by visceral and shell meal of crayfish on SGR,body composition,hepatopancreas histology of crucian carp

作　　者：黄春红 马士龙 包学太 杨孝奎 杨琦 HUANG Chun-hong;MA Shi-long;BAO Xue-tai;YANG Xiao-kui;YANG Qi

机构地区：[1]湖南文理学院生命与环境科学学院水产高效健康生产湖南省协同创新中心,湖南常德415000

出　　处：《饲料研究》2021年第6期70-74,共5页Feed Research

基　　金：湖南省科技重大专项(项目编号:2017NK1031);湖南省教育厅重点项目(项目编号:20A339);湖南省重点研发计划项目(项目编号:2020NK2039);常德市科技创新发展指导性计划项目(项目编号:2019ZD11)。

摘　　要：试验研究小龙虾脏壳粉替代菜籽粕对鲫鱼特定生长率、体成分及肝胰脏组织结构的影响。选择360尾质量相近的鲫鱼,分成4个组,每组3个重复,每个重复30尾。对照组(D0组)饲喂基础饲料,试验组分别使用4%(D4组)、8%(D8组)、12%(D12组)的脏壳粉替代基础饲料中相应比例的菜籽粕,试验期60 d。结果显示,鲫鱼平均日增重、特定生长率(SGR)和脏体比(VSI)随脏壳粉替代比例增加先上升后下降,均为D8组最高,D8组鲫鱼特定生长率显著高于D0、D4组。D8、D12组鲫鱼饵料系数(FCR)显著低于对照组和D4组。D4和D8组鲫鱼肥满度(CF)显著低于对照组和D12组(P<0.05),D8组鲫鱼肥满度显著低于D4组。D4组鱼体粗脂肪和无氮浸出物含量均显著高于(P<0.05)其他各组。试验组中,D8组鱼体蛋白质含量最高,粗脂肪含量最低。试验表明,小龙虾脏壳粉是一种较好的饲料蛋白质源,在鲫饲料中替代菜籽粕最适量为8%。The experiment studied the effect of replacement of rapeseed meal by visceral and shell meal of crayfish on SGR, body composition, hepatopancreas histology of crucian carp. 360 crucian carps were randomly divided into four groups, with three replicates in each group and 30 fish in each replicate. The control group(group D0) was fed with basal diet, and the test group used 4%(group D4), 8%(group D8), and 12%(group D12) visceral and shell meal of crayfish to replace the corresponding proportion of rapeseed meal in the basic feed. The test period was 60 d. The results showed that the average daily gain, SGR and VSI of crucian carp increased first and then decreased with the increase of the replacement ratio of dirty shell powder, all of which were the largest in group D8. The SGR of crucian carp in group D8 was significantly higher than that in group D0 and D4(P<0.05). The FCR of crucian carp in group D8 and D12 was significantly lower than that in the control group and group D4(P<0.05). The CF of crucian carp in group D4 and D8 was significantly lower than that in the control group and group D12(P<0.05), and the CF of crucian carp in group D8 was significantly lower than that in group D4. The crude fat and nitrogen-free extract contents of crucian carp in group D4 were significantly higher than other groups(P<0.05). In the test group, the D8 group had the highest crude protein content and the lowest crude fat content. The experiment indicates that the CVSM is a good source of protein for crucian carp, and the appropriate proportion for it to replace rapeseed is about 8%.

关 键 词：小龙虾 脏壳粉 鲫鱼 特定生长率 肝胰脏 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]