压砂条件下灰钙土地区农田土壤水分垂直入渗特征研究  

Characteristics of Vertical Water Infiltration in a Sierozem Soil under Gravel-Sand Mulching Condition

作　　者：郑飞龙 王西娜[4] 葛敏 李存云 谭军利[1,2,3] ZHENG Fei-long;WANG Xi-na;GE Min;LI Cun-yun;TAN Jun-li(School of Civil and fydraulic Engineering Ningxia University,Yinchuan,750021,China;Engineering Research Center for EfficientUilization of Modern Agricultural Water Resources in Arid Regions,Ministry of Education,Yinchuan,750021,China;Engineering Technology Research Center of Water-Saving and Water Resource Regulation in Ningxia,Yinchuan,750021,China;College of Agriculture,Ningxia University,Yinchuan,750021,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学土木与水利工程学院,宁夏银川750021 [2]旱区现代农业水资源高效利用教育部工程研究中心,宁夏银川750021 [3]宁夏节水灌溉与水资源调控工程技术研究中心,宁夏银川750021 [4]宁夏大学农学院,宁夏银川750021

出　　处：《土壤通报》2021年第2期314-321,共8页Chinese Journal of Soil Science

基　　金：宁夏自然科学基金项目(2020AAC03090);国家自然科学基金资助项目(51309135,31860590);宁夏高等学校一流学科建设(水利工程)资助项目(NXYLXK2017A03)资助。

摘　　要：为探讨压砂条件下灰钙土水分垂直入渗特征,采用土柱模拟法,分别研究了压砂厚度、砂石粒径、土壤初始含水率及灌水量,对压砂条件下水分累计入渗量和土壤湿润锋的影响。结果表明:压砂条件下,土壤水分累计入渗量与入渗时间可以用正相关幂函数拟合。累计入渗量随着压砂厚度的增加呈增加趋势,入渗速率增加值的临界点是压砂厚度为15 cm;当砂石粒径为4.75~20 mm,明显促进水分垂直入渗过程,而砂石粒径20~40 mm及2~4.75 mm的处理,水分入渗速率变慢;土壤初始含水率增加,明显促进土壤水分垂直入渗;而灌水量从59 mm增加至177 mm时,有效促进水分入渗和湿润锋运移过程,但继续增加灌水量入渗过程则无显著性变化。A series of soil column simulating experiments were conducted to study the effects of particle sizes of sandgravel,mulching thicknesses,initial soil moisture content,and irrigation volume on vertical water infiltration of a Sierozen soil in the central arid zone of Ningxia under sand-gravel mulching condition.Results showed that the positive power function could be used to fit the relationship between cumulative infiltration volume and time under gravel-sand mulching conditions.The cumulative infiltration volume showed an increasing trend with the increase of the gravelsand mulching thickness.Thickness of 15 cm gravel-sand mulching was the critical point for the increase of water infiltration rate of the tested soil.The particle size of 4.75-20 mm promoted the process of vertical soil water infiltration more than that of 20-40 mm and 2-4.75 mm.Meanwhile,the increase of initial soil moisture content significantly promoted the vertical infiltration of water,and soil moisture content in the gravel-sand mulching field was greatly higher than that in the bare soil usually.This might be one of the reasons that gravel-sand mulching increases water infiltration.The irrigation volume increasing from 59 mm to 177 mm effectively improved the process of vertical infiltration and wetting front migration.However,there was no significant change in the process of infiltration with the irrigation volume over 177 mm.

关 键 词：压砂 水分入渗 初始含水率 灌水量 累计入渗量 湿润锋 

分 类 号：S152.7[农业科学—土壤学]