接种单细胞微生物对土壤团聚体形成及其稳定性的影响  

Effect of Single Cell and Filamentous Microorganisms on Formation of Soil Aggregates

作　　者：王小姣 李梦雅 王文丽 王世梅 陈莎莎 WANG Xiao-jiao;LI Meng-ya;WANG Wen-li;WANG Shi-mei;CHEN Sha-sha(College of Resources and Environmental Sciences/Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Organic Waste Utilization,Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization,Ministry of Education Resource Conservation Fertilizer Engineering Technology Research Center,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China)

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学江苏省固体有机废弃物资源化高技术研究重点实验室,江苏省有机固体废弃物协同创新中心,教育部资源节约型肥料工程技术研究中心,江苏南京210095

出　　处：《土壤通报》2021年第2期355-360,共6页Chinese Journal of Soil Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0500201)、国家自然科学基金(41671256)资助。

摘　　要：将根瘤菌(Rhizobium sp.)G-01、肠杆菌(Enterobacter sp.)San8及粘红酵母(Rhodotorula mucilaginosa)R1等3株产胞外多聚物(Extracellular polymeric substances,EPS)的单细胞微生物接种于供试土壤,进行土培试验和盆栽黄瓜试验,研究接种微生物及作物根系对土壤团聚体形成、团聚体组成变化的影响。结果表明,3株单细胞微生物分泌EPS的量分别为2.12 mg(10^(10)cells)^(-1)、0.56 mg(10^(10)cells)^(-1)、172.71 mg(10^(10)cells)^(-1),其主要组分是多糖、其次是蛋白质,且含有羟基、羧基、羰基等官能团;土培试验后,接种产EPS单细胞微生物处理土壤的大团聚体(>0.25 mm)含量比接种丝状微生物处理提高了71.31%,而盆栽试验后各处理土壤的大团聚体含量(>0.25 mm)比土培试验后土壤显著增加,这可能是由于植株根系挤压及其分泌物作用促进了土壤大团聚体形成并提高了团聚体稳定性所致。Three single cell microorganisms with extracellular polymeric substances(Rhizobium sp.,G-01;Enterobacter sp.,San8;and Rhodotorula mucilaginosa,R1)were studied,and the maximum periods of extracellular polymeric substances(EPS)production were determined by measuring their growth curves.The contents of polysaccharide and protein in EPS were determined by phenol-sulfuric acid method and BCA(bicinchoninic acid)protein concentration detection kit.The group composition of EPS was analyzed through infrared spectroscopy.The effects of single cell and filamentous microorganisms on the formation of aggregates were studied in a soil culture experiment,and a pot experiment was carried out to verify the effect of plant roots on soil aggregate composition in the pot experiment where different type microbes were inoculated from soil culture experiment.The results showed that the EPS contents secreted by three strains of single cell microorganisms(strain G-01,San8 and R1)were 2.12 mg(10^(10 )cells)^(-1),0.56 mg(10^(10) cells)^(-1) and 172.71 mg(10^(10) cells)^(-1),respectively.The EPS components were mainly made of polysaccharide and protein,and the content of polysaccharide was higher than that of protein.Infrared spectra analysis showed that EPS of three strains contained many characteristic functional groups of polysaccharide and protein such as hydroxyl,carboxyl,carbonyl and polysaccharides,etc.Soil culture experiments showed that the percentages of soil macroaggregates(>0.25 mm)in the treatment of EPS secreted by single cell microorganism were increased by 71.31%compared with those of filamentous microorganism.Compared with soil culture experiment,the proportion of macroaggregates(>0.25 mm)in each treatment was significantly increased in the pot experiment,and the root extrusion and root exudates also promoted the formation and stability of soil macroaggregates.

关 键 词：单细胞微生物 丝状微生物 胞外多聚物 土壤团聚体 

分 类 号：S154.2[农业科学—土壤学]